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英語基礎語法——名詞性從句 | |||
作者:www.nmet… 文章來源:本站原創 點擊數: 更新時間:2008/9/22 |
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英語基礎語法——名詞性從句 作者:www.nmet168.com 一、名詞性從句的基本概念 在復合句中起名詞作用的從句叫名詞性從句,包括作主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。 (1)主語從句 就是在復合句中作主語的從句。主語從句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever等引導。如: Whether he will be able to come remains a question. 他是否來還是問題。 That China is a great socialist country is well known. 眾所周知,中國是一個偉大的社會主義國家。 注:為避免頭重腳輕,使句子平衡,常用it作形式主語,而將主語從句后置。如上述第二例常說成: It is well known that China is a great socialist country. 但是,由連接代詞what, whatever, whoever等引導的主語從句一般不能用形式主語。如: What he found surprised me greatly. 他的發現使我非常吃驚。 Whoever is finished may rest. 凡是做完工的人都可以休息。 (2)表語從句 就是在連系動詞之后作表語的從句。引導表語從句的連接除與引導主語從句的連接詞外,還有as if, as though。如: The question is whether he is able to do it alone. 問題是他能否單獨做這件事。 It looks as if (though) it is going to snow. 天好像要下雪似的。 注意:要區分以下句式: 1. that’s why+結果;that’s because+原因。2. the reason why /for…is that… He is absent. That’s because he is ill. 他缺席,這是因為他生病了。 He is ill. That’s why he is absent. 他病了,這就是他缺席的原因。 The reason why he is absent is that he is ill. 他缺席的原因是他生病了。 (3)賓語從句 就是在復合句中作賓語的從句。引導這賓語從句的連接詞與引導主語從句的連接詞基本相同。如: They didn’t say which they wanted. 他們沒有說他們想要哪一個。 I am sure (that) no harm will ever come to you. 我肯定你永遠不會受傷害。 I was surprised at what has happened.我對發生的事感到驚訝。 注意:當think, believe, suppose等的疑問式后面跟連接代詞或連接副詞引導的賓語從句時,習慣上將這些連接詞置于句首,即“連接代/副詞+do you think /believe /expect+賓語從句的其余部分?”如: Who do you think is the best player this year? 你認為今年誰是最佳運動員? What do you suppose you will do after school? 你想放學后干什么? (4)同位語從句 就是在句中作同位語的從句。它通常有放在thought, idea, news, word(=news), plan, doubt, question, fact, suggestion, belief等抽象名詞的后面,說明這些詞的具體內容或含義。同位語從句大多由that引導,也可由whether, how, when, where, why等引導,但不能由which引導。如: The idea that the earth is round is not a new one. “地球是圓的”這種觀點并不新鮮。 He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必須回答他是否同意此事這們一問題。 I have no idea when he will set out. 我不知他什么時候出發。 注:有時,同位語從句并不緊跟在它所說明的詞的后面。如: The whole truth came out at last that he was a wolf in sheep’s clothing. 真相終于大白了,他原來是一只披羊皮的狼。 |
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