助動詞have的用法

助動詞have以及它的變體has, had等的主要用法如下：

1. have +過去分詞，構成完成時態。如：

He has left for Japan. 他已去了日本。

We’ve just done the washing-up. 我們剛洗完碗碟。

Poor Jim has just had an accident. 可憐的吉姆剛出了個事故。

I have had this car for three years. 這輛汽車我已用了3年了。

By the end of last month, they had finished the work. 上月未他們就已經完成了工作。

2. have + been +現在分詞，構成完成進行時。如：

I have been studying English for 8 years. 我學英語已達八年了。

The children have been having a lot of run. 孩子們一直玩得很開心。

We had been doing business with each other for years before we quarreled. 在吵翻之前，我們多年來在業務上一直來往。

By this time next year, we will have been doing business with each other for 20 years. 到明年這時候，我們的業務住來就滿20年了。

I woke up—I had been having a bad dream. 我醒了，我做了個噩夢。

3. have+been +過去分詞，構成完成式被動語態。如：

English has been taught in China for many years. 中國教英語已經多年。

I have been made redundant, so I’m going abroad. 我被定成了超編人員，所以我打算出國。

Thousands of pounds have been spent on the new hospital. 這家新醫院花費了數千英鎊。

None of my friends have been invited to the party. 我的朋友中沒有一個被邀參加晚會。

All means have been used to get him to change his mind. 為了轉變他的想法，所有的辦法都用過了。