三、利用關(guān)鍵詞解題

有的時(shí)態(tài)考題中往往會(huì)隱含有一個(gè)或幾個(gè)對(duì)解題起著重要作用的詞語(yǔ)，這就是我們所說(shuō)的“關(guān)鍵詞”。同學(xué)們?cè)诮忸}時(shí)，若能充分挖掘這些關(guān)鍵詞，并進(jìn)行合理地分析和推理，對(duì)于得出試題的正確答案將會(huì)有很直接的幫助作用。如：

1. It is said that the early European playing-cards _________ for entertainment and education.

A. were being designed                               B. have designed

C. have been designed                                 D. were designed

【解析】答案選D。解答此題的關(guān)鍵是要抓住early這一形容詞。early European playing-cards的意思是“早期歐洲人玩的撲克牌”，既然是“早期”，肯定就是過(guò)去的事了，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

2. Listen to the two girls by the window. What language _________?

A. did they speak                                        B. were they speaking 

C. are they speaking                                    D. have they been speaking

【解析】答案選C。解答此題的關(guān)鍵詞是Listen to…(聽(tīng)……)，由此可知，空格處要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。

四、用分組排除法解題

做時(shí)態(tài)題時(shí)，我們有時(shí)可以根據(jù)選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分組，然后根據(jù)句中的相關(guān)時(shí)態(tài)信息排除其中的一組，最后再在余下的一組中進(jìn)行分析和比較，從而得到正確答案。比如說(shuō)，我們可以根據(jù)選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)分為“現(xiàn)在組”與“過(guò)去組”，“現(xiàn)在組”與“將來(lái)組”，“一般組”與“進(jìn)行組”，“進(jìn)行組”與“完成組”，“主動(dòng)組”與“被動(dòng)組”，等等（根據(jù)歷年考題的實(shí)際情況來(lái)看，主要是分為“現(xiàn)在組”和“過(guò)去組”）。然后根據(jù)句中的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)規(guī)律，排除其中的一組。如：

1. Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didn’t want her parents to know what she _________.

A. has done             B. had done             C. was doing         D. is doing

【解析】答案選C。首先將選項(xiàng)分成兩組：A和D為“現(xiàn)在組”，B和C為“過(guò)去組”。根據(jù)句中的decided和didn’t want可排除“現(xiàn)在組”A和D；又因?yàn)椤白觥卑l(fā)生在“決定”之后，而不是之前，不能用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，排除選項(xiàng)B。

2. John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3,000 more than he _________ for the wedding.

A. will plan       B. has planned   C. would plan     D. had planned

【解析】答案選D。首先將選項(xiàng)分成兩組：C和D為“過(guò)去組”，A和B為“非過(guò)去組”，而根據(jù)句中的got married和last week可推知，此題的答案應(yīng)在“過(guò)去組”中。然后再根據(jù)句意比較get married與plan的先后關(guān)系，顯然是先“計(jì)劃”，后“結(jié)婚”，而“結(jié)婚”在句中用了一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故“計(jì)劃”要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

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