有關被動語態的幾個重要考點

■將語態與主謂一致結合起來命題

1. All the employees except the manager ______to work online at home.

A. encourages          B. encourage         C. is encouraged     D. are encouraged

解析：主語是all the employees(復數) ，而不是the manager，排除答案A和C；又因all the employees與encourage是被動關系，要用被動語態，排除B，故選D。

2. A library with five thousand books _______to the nation as a gift.

A. is offered            B. has offered          C. are offered        D. have offered

解析：a library是offer的承受者，要用被動語態，排除B和D；又因主語(library) 是單數，排除C；故選A。注意：with five thousand books是a library是定語。

■將語態與虛擬語氣結合起來命題

—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York?

— I agree, but the problem is ______ he has refused to.

A. will not be sent; that                          B. not be sent; that

C. should not be sent; what                    D. should not send; what

解析：因he與send是被動關系，排除D；又因it (is) necessary后的that從句的謂語要用“(should+) 動詞原形”，排除選項A；答句中的表語從句不缺任何句子成分，用that；故選B。

■將語態與倒裝結合起來命題

Only after my friend came ______.

A. did the computer repaired                  B. be repaired the computer

C. was the computer repaired                 D. the computer was repaired

解析：因the computer與repair是被動關系，排除A；又因only加狀語置于句首，要用部分倒裝，排除選項D和B；故選C。

■將固定短語中的名詞作主語來增加句子理解難度

Good care must ______babies, particularly while they are ill.

A. take                  B. take of               C. be taken             D. be taken of

解析：由固定短語take good care of(好好照看) 是可知，good care與take是被動關系，排除A和B；選項C中又漏掉了of；故選D。

■在語境中將語態與時態結合起來命題

1. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people ______to eat more fruit and vegetables.

A. persuade              B. will persuade      C. be persuaded      D. are persuaded

解析：因people與persuade是被動關系，排除A和B。又因為主語是一般將來時，條件句中用一般現在時，所以選D。

2. Hundreds of jobs ______if the factory closes.

A. lose                     B. will be lost          C. are lost             D. will lost

解析：因lose與jobs是被動關系，排除A和D；又因條件狀語從句是一般現在時，主句中的謂語動詞應當是一般將來時，故選B。

3. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ______each year.

A. were washed away                            B. is being washed away

C. are washing away                              D. are being washed away

解析：因good earth(沃土) 與wash away(沖走) 是被動關系，排除C；又因quantities of…作主語，謂語動詞用復數，排除B；指近階段(近些年) 正在發生的事，用現在進行時，排除A；故選D。

4. —The window is dirty. —I know. It ______ for weeks.(www.hz123456.com)

A. hasn’t cleaned        B. didn’t clean       C. wasn’t cleaned       D. hasn’t been cleaned

解析：由is和for weeks可知，要用現在完成時態，排除B和C；又因It (The window) 與clean是被動關系，要用被動語態，所以選D。

5. —George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to the wedding?

 —No, I ______. Did they have a big wedding?

A. was not invited                                 B. have not been invited    

C. hadn’t been invited                            D. didn’t invite

解析：因為I與invite是被動關系，又因為邀請應當發生在結婚之前，got married是過去，invite就該是過去的過去，所以用過去完成時的被動語態，只有C正確。

6. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _____ by 2006.

  A. has been completed                         B. has completed

  C. will have been completed                 D. will have completed

解析：因“by+將來時間”通常與將來完成時連用，所以由by 2006可排除A和B；又因為work與complete是被動關系，所以要被動語態，只有C正確。

7. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may ______run over by a car.

  A. have                  B. get                  C. become                 D. turn

解析：you與run over是被動關系，選項中只有get才可與過去分詞run構成被動語態，故選B。