做題時(shí)當(dāng)心定語(yǔ)從句的干擾

有這樣一道題，這個(gè) to 的后面該什么呢？

The letter they were looking forward to _________ at last.

A. arrived                        B. arriving                       C. had arrived                    D. arrive

分析：對(duì)于此題，基礎(chǔ)稍差的同學(xué)可能選D，認(rèn)為空格前的 to 是不定式符號(hào)，所以后接動(dòng)詞原形；基礎(chǔ)稍好的同學(xué)可能會(huì)選B，知道 look forward to 是短語(yǔ)，意為“盼望”，其中的 to 是介詞，而不是不定式符號(hào)，所以后接動(dòng)名詞；只有基礎(chǔ)扎實(shí)、語(yǔ)感好、而且細(xì)心的同學(xué)才會(huì)選A，誠(chéng)如上面所說(shuō)，look forward to 中的 to 是介詞，而不是不定式符號(hào)，所以后接動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用動(dòng)名詞，而不用動(dòng)詞原形。但問(wèn)題是此句中的動(dòng)詞 arrive 不是介詞 to 的賓語(yǔ)，而是句子的謂語(yǔ)。句子的正解分析是：the letter 為句子主語(yǔ)，they were looking forward to 是修飾主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句(介詞 to 的賓語(yǔ)是引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞 that，被省略)，arrived 是句子謂語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看以下試題：

(1) The professor you referred to _________ just now.

A. comes                        B. come                        C. coming                        D. came

答案選D，句子主語(yǔ)為 the professor，you referred to 為修飾 the professor 的定語(yǔ)從句，空白處填 came，為句子謂語(yǔ)。

(2) The theory he sticks to _________ to be of no use in our studies.

A. proves                        B. prove                        C. proving                        D. be proved

答案選A，he sticks to 是修飾主語(yǔ) the theory 的定語(yǔ)從句，句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 The theory proves to be of no use in our studies.

(3) The work he devoted his time to _________ worth praising.

A. was                           B. be                              C. being                         D. been

答案選A，he devoted his time to 是修飾主語(yǔ) the work 的定語(yǔ)從句。句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 The work was worth praising.