see作“看見”解時(shí)，不能接 that從句作賓語嗎？

本站特約作者   李 翔

賀立民編著《賀氏英語語法全書》（中山大學(xué)出版社，2003年2月第1版）p992：

see 的含義是“看見”時(shí)不可用that從句作賓語，含義是“覺得(=feel )”“發(fā)現(xiàn)(=find )”或“確信(=make sure)”時(shí)則可。如：

a. I saw that he left the room. × 

b. I saw him leave the room. √ (我看見他離開房間的。)

實(shí)際上，這種說法是錯(cuò)誤的，是不符合當(dāng)前英語實(shí)際的。see作“看見(=perceive with the eyes)”解，后接that從句的正確性早已被以英語為母語的人士所證實(shí)(當(dāng)然也被以英語為非母語的人士逐漸接受)，請(qǐng)看例證：

1. A Dictionary of Contemporay American Usage by BERGEN EVANS and COR.NELIA EVANS( RANDOM HOUSE NEW YORK)p436：When used in an active form, see may be followed by an object and the simple form of a verb, as in Z saw him leave, or by an object and the –ing form of a verb, as in Z saw him leaving. When followed by an object and a to-infinitive, the word means “infer” and not “perceive with the eyes,” as in Z saw it to be impossible. In either sense, it may be followed by a clause, as in Z saw he was leaving and Z saw it was impossible.（筆者注：很顯然在Z saw he was leaving中see的意思是perceive with the eyes，即“看見”。）

2. A GRAMMAR OF LATE MODERN ENGLISH (BY H. POUTSMA) CHAPTER XVIII, 28-30: I saw the stone fall into the water= I saw that the stone fell into the water.

3. 徐士珍編著《英語句型轉(zhuǎn)換1000例》（修訂本）（河南人民出版社1979年11月第1版）p214：

I saw him going home.(Quirk) = I saw that he was going home.

4. Lingoes (http://www.lingoes.cn)之 《劍橋高級(jí)學(xué)習(xí)詞典》：

to be aware of what is around you by using your eyes:

[+ (that)] The teacher could see (that) the children had been fighting.

5. Lingoes(http://www.lingoes.cn)之 《柯林斯高級(jí)英語學(xué)習(xí)詞典》（第5版）：

V that, When you see something, you notice it using your eyes.

As he neared the farm, he saw that a police car was parked outside it...

6. Lingoes(http://www.lingoes.cn)之 《柯林斯高階英語詞典》：

When you see something, you notice it using your eyes.

As he neared the farm, he saw that a police car was parked outside it.

7. Lingoes(http://www.lingoes.cn)之 《朗文當(dāng)代英語詞典》：

to notice or examine someone or something, using your eyes

see (that)：He saw that she was crying.

10. Lingoes(http://www.lingoes.cn)之《麥克米蘭英語詞典 - American》：

to notice someone or something using your eyes:

see (that): I could see she was upset.

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