如何使用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)

對(duì)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的使用，重點(diǎn)是要弄清其中的介詞如何確定和判斷。歸納起來(lái)，有以下幾點(diǎn)方法：

1. 根據(jù)與定語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞的搭配來(lái)確定介詞。如：

Water is the natural medium in which fish live. 水是魚(yú)類賴以生存的自然環(huán)境。(注意搭配live in)

The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他們找尋的文件已經(jīng)找到了。(注意搭配search for)

This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while. 這是一個(gè)我們可能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間爭(zhēng)論的問(wèn)題。(注意搭配argue about)

注意，對(duì)于那些由動(dòng)詞與介詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，通常不宜將它們拆開(kāi)使用，此時(shí)應(yīng)注意介詞的位置應(yīng)。如：

The boy (whom) my sister is looking after is getting better.

不能說(shuō)成：The boy after whom my sister is looking is getting better.

2. 根據(jù)與定語(yǔ)從句中形容詞的搭配來(lái)確定介詞。如：

Physics is the subject in our school in which every student is interested. 物理是我們學(xué)校每個(gè)學(xué)生都很感興趣的課程。(注意搭配 be interested in)

He referred me to some reference books with which I am not very familiar. 他我要去參考一些我不熟悉的參考書(shū)。(注意搭配 be familiar with)

3. 根據(jù)與先行詞的搭配來(lái)確定介詞。如：

This is our classroom, in the front of which there is a teacher’s desk. 這是我們的教室，前面有老師的講臺(tái)。(注意搭配 in the front of our classroom)

I’ll never forget the day on which she said goodbye to me. 我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記她與我們告別的那一天。(注意搭配 on the day)

4. 根據(jù)句意來(lái)確定介詞的使用。如：

This is the book from which I got the story. 這就是那本書(shū)，從中我讀到這個(gè)故事。(由于句意含有“從……”的意思，所以用介詞 from)

This I did at nine o’clock, after which I sat reading the paper. 九點(diǎn)鐘時(shí)我做這事，之后我坐著看報(bào)。(由于句意含有“在……之后”的意思，所以用介詞 after)