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《高中英語語法大全》(word下載版) | |||
作者:HMYY 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù): 更新時間:2011/6/10 |
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What friends [=All the friends that] he has are out of the country. 他所有的朋友都在國外。 3. whatever, whoever, whichever用法說明。主要用于引導(dǎo)主語從句和賓語從句: He does whatever she asks him to do. 她要他做什么,他就做什么。 Whoever breaks the rules will be punished. 誰違反這些規(guī)則都將受到處罰。 I'll give the ticket to whoever wants it. 請想要這票,我就把它給誰。 Whichever team gains the most points wins. 哪個隊(duì)得分最多,哪個隊(duì)就贏。 注:其中的 ever 主要用于加強(qiáng)語氣,含有“一切”、“任何”、“無論”之義。使用這類詞時,注意不要按漢語習(xí)慣用錯句子結(jié)構(gòu): 任何人(誰)先來都可以得到一張票。 誤:Anyone comes first can get a ticket. / Who comes first can get a ticket. 正:Anyone who comes first can get a ticket./ Whoever comes first can get a ticket. 九、不定代詞 1. 不定代詞概說。英語的不定代詞有 all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no, few, little, both, enough, every 等,以及由 some, any, no 和 every 構(gòu)成的合成代詞(即somebody, anyone, nothing 等)。在這些不定代詞中,多數(shù)都能作主語、賓語、表語或定語,但是代詞 none 以及由 some, any, no 和 every 構(gòu)成的合成代詞只能作主語、賓語或表語,不能作定語,而 no 和 every 則只用作定語。 2. 指兩者和三者的不定代詞。有些不定代詞用于指兩者(如both, either, neither),有的不定代詞用于指三者(如all, any, none, every),注意不要弄混: Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是醫(yī)生。 All of the students are interested in it. 所有的學(xué)生對此都很感興趣。 There are trees on any side of the square. 廣場的每一邊都種有樹。 He has two sons, neither of whom is rich. 他有兩個兒子,都不富有。 He has three sons, none of whom is rich. 他有三個兒子,都不富有。 注:each 可用于兩者、三者或三者以上,而 every 只用于三者或三者以上,因此用于兩者時只能用 each,不能用 every。如不能說 There are trees on every side of the road. 3. 復(fù)合不定代詞的用法特點(diǎn)。復(fù)合不定代詞包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等。它們在句中可用作主語、賓語或表語,但不能用作定語。something, someone 等和 anything, anyone等的區(qū)別與 some 和 any 的區(qū)別一樣,前者一般用于肯定句,后者一般用于否定句、疑問句或條件句(參見 any & some)。具體使用時應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn): (1) 復(fù)合不定代詞受定語修飾時,定語應(yīng)放在它們后面: There is nothing wrong with the radio. 這收音機(jī)沒有毛病。 Have you seen anyone [anybody] famous? 你見過名人嗎? (2) 指人的復(fù)合不定代詞若用作主語,其謂語動詞一般用單數(shù),相應(yīng)的人稱代詞和物主代詞也用單數(shù) he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文體中常用復(fù)數(shù)代詞 they, them, their: Everyone knows this, doesn't he [don't they]? 人人都知道這一點(diǎn),不是嗎? If anybody [anyone] comes, ask him [them] to wait. 要是有人來,讓他等著。 (3) 指事物的復(fù)合不定代詞若用作主語,謂語動詞只能用單數(shù),相應(yīng)的人稱代詞也只能用 it,而不用 they: Everything is ready, isn't it? 一切都準(zhǔn)備好了,是嗎? (4) anyone, everyone 等只能指人,不能指物,且其后一般不接of 短語。若是指物或后接 of 短語,可用 any one, every one (分開寫): any one of the boys (books) 孩子們(書)當(dāng)中的任何一個(本) every one of the students (schools) 每一個學(xué)生(一所學(xué)校)
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