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關(guān)于“河姆渡遺址”中的翻譯問題 | |||
作者:黃衛(wèi)峰 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù): 更新時(shí)間:2011/10/16 |
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關(guān)于“河姆渡遺址”中的翻譯問題 ■本站顧問及特約專家 黃衛(wèi)峰 《中國翻譯》2007年第2期“譯家譯作”欄目上刊登了介紹“河姆渡遺址”的英語譯文(第82頁)。原文術(shù)語很多,所以翻譯起來難度較大。譯者為此花費(fèi)了很多時(shí)間和精力來弄清其意思。該譯文總體來說質(zhì)量是很高的,達(dá)到了既忠實(shí)又通順的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),語言表達(dá)地道、流暢。但作為翻譯的范文,筆者以為其中還有幾處值得商榷的地方,在此提出,就教于譯者和讀者。 一、用法問題 1. They trace back to between 6000 and 7000 years ago. 問題:trace在英語中用作及物動(dòng)詞。該句應(yīng)改為They can be traced back to between 6000 and 7000 years ago。這一用法問題比較普遍,如Hunan University is a key national university, whose history can trace back more than one thousand years to the Yuelu Academy.(湖南大學(xué)校園網(wǎng)英文網(wǎng)頁) 2. The mortice and tenon joints unearthed here are present the earliest use of this type of joint in wooden structures in 問題:這句話中present 是否存在筆誤?要么這句話的結(jié)構(gòu)存在問題? 3. Scenes of life and work of the primitive Hemudu man who inhabited this area 7000 years ago are recreated by modern audio and video technology. 問題:這里的the primitive Hemudu man似應(yīng)改為復(fù)數(shù)形式the primitive Hemudu men。而by modern audio and video technology中的介詞by改用with可能更為恰當(dāng)。 4. Among the multitude of findings unearthed are cultivated rice, wooden construction parts with mortice and tenon joints, and thousands of pieces of pottery and bone engraved with fine decorative patterns. 問題:bone為可數(shù)名詞,這里似應(yīng)改為復(fù)數(shù)形式bones。 5. It has an area of 26, 000 square meters and, consists of two sections: the excavated site and the exhibits of unearthed cultural relics. 問題:consist of two sections為該句并列謂語部分,不知譯者為何用逗號(hào)與該句其他部分隔開?應(yīng)該是筆誤或印刷失誤吧。因?yàn)檫@個(gè)句子本身并不長。在英語中一般只有插入語才使用逗號(hào)與正文隔開。 6. 我們知道,英語中的數(shù)字,每三位用逗號(hào)隔開。在該譯文中,譯者有的地方遵循了這一原則,如40,000和26,000。但有的地方又沒有嚴(yán)格遵守這一原則,如7000、6000、3000。作為范文,還是應(yīng)該保持一致。 二、譯文的準(zhǔn)確性問題 The major buildings cover a floor space of 3153 square meters and are built in the same architectural style of pile dwellings that the primitive men built here. 問題:譯文中的數(shù)字與原文有出入。原文提到“主體建筑面積為3163平方米”,但到了譯文中卻變?yōu)?/FONT>3153 square meters。另外,“主體”似應(yīng)譯為centerpiece。 三、翻譯技巧問題 1. The major buildings cover a floor space of 3153 square meters and are built in the same architectural style of pile dwellings that the primitive men built here. Dwellings of this style were built on stilts with the floor above the ground. 問題:依據(jù)原文及譯者在注釋中的說明可知,第二句Dwellings of this style were built on stilts with the floor above the ground是原文中沒有而譯者額外添加的信息。對(duì)一些譯入語讀者不熟悉的事物增加信息是翻譯中常用的技巧,其本身無可厚非。但譯者將其處理成獨(dú)立句,放入正文中的做法值得商榷。我們知道英語有許多方法對(duì)一個(gè)事物進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明,如放在破折號(hào)后,或放入括號(hào)里,或使用定語從句等。試譯為Covering a floor space of 3163 square meters, the centerpiece is built in the architectural style of pile dwellings adopted by the primitive Hemudu men, that is, dwellings built on stilts with the floor above the ground. 2. The exhibition zone is divided into two parts: in one exhibition zone the exhibits are on permanent display and in the other the cultural relics are changed from time to time. 問題:該句的原文是“其陳列分為基本陳列和標(biāo)本陳列兩部分”。譯者雖然講清楚了兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵術(shù)語“基本陳列”和“標(biāo)本陳列”的定義,但作為翻譯,筆者以為譯者不需要使用完整的句子來予以界定,只需說明意思即可,不妨作如下處理:The exhibition zone is divided into two parts, one for permanent display and the other for the display of changeable cultural relics. 四、語篇處理問題 中譯英時(shí),經(jīng)常涉及到分段問題,因?yàn)橹形睦镉袝r(shí)一段話可以涉及到兩個(gè)以上的主題,而英文中,一個(gè)好的段落一般只圍繞一個(gè)主題展開。“河姆渡遺址”原文由兩段構(gòu)成,譯文由三段構(gòu)成。其中,譯者把第二段最后一句話單獨(dú)列為一段。這種做法值得肯定,但還不夠。筆者以為,譯文第一段偏長,至少還可以細(xì)分為兩段。仔細(xì)分析原文第一段可以看出,從開頭到“距今約6000 — 7000年”為第一部分,介紹“河姆渡遺址”的一般情況;第二部分從“出土文物內(nèi)容非常豐富”到段末為第二部分,其中“出土文物內(nèi)容非常豐富”是其主題句。因此,譯文中,可以把Among the multitude of findings unearthed are cultivated rice, wooden construction parts with mortice and tenon joints, and thousands of pieces of pottery and bone engraved with fine decorative patterns置于第二段的句首作主題句。當(dāng)然,“河姆渡遺址大量文物的發(fā)現(xiàn)”一句在譯文中還可以單獨(dú)處理成一段,說明其重要性。如果譯文在篇章結(jié)構(gòu)上作上述處理,則會(huì)顯得更加條理分明。 |
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