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重點中學英語語法講義-名詞 | |||
作者:柯帕斯 文章來源:本站原創 點擊數: 更新時間:2012/5/30 |
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(2) cattle(牛,牲畜),people(人),police(警察)等,其用法特點為:只有單數形式, 但卻表示復數意義,用作主語時謂語用復數;不與 a(n) 連用,但可與the連用(表示總括意義和特指)。如: People will laugh at you. 人們會笑你的。 The police are looking for him. 警察在找他。 For these many cattle were killed. 就因為這個原因宰了不少牲畜。 注:表示牲畜的頭數,用單位詞 head(單復數同形)。如:three head of cattle 3頭牛,twenty (head of )cattle 20頭牛。 (3) goods(貨物), clothes(衣服)等,其用法特點是:只有復數形式(當然也表示復數意義,用作主語時謂語也用復數),但通常不與數詞連用。如: Such clothes are very expensive. 那樣的衣服很貴。 To whom do these goods belong? 這些書是誰的? (4) baggage / luggage(行李), clothing(衣服), furniture(家具), machinery(機器), poetry(詩), scenery(風景), jewelry(珠寶),equipment(設備)等, 其用法特點為:是不可數名詞,只用單數形式,不用不定冠詞 (當然更不能用數詞),沒有復數形式。如: Our clothing protects us from [against] the cold. 我們的衣服可以御寒。 Have you checked all your baggage? 你所有行李都托運了嗎? 特別提醒:machinery, poetry, jewelry, scenery 相應的個體可數名詞是 machine, poem, jewel, scene。如:a poem / a piece of poetry 一首詩,many machines / much machinery / many pieces of machinery 許多機器。 (5) 補充說明幾個特殊的集合名詞: ①hair(頭發,毛發):指全部頭發或毛發時,為集合名詞(不可數);指幾根頭發或毛發時,為個體名詞(可數)。如: My hair has grown very long. 我的頭發已長得很長了。 The police found two hairs there. 警察在那兒找到了兩根頭發。 ②mankind(人類):是一個不可數的集合名詞,不用復數形式,也不連用冠詞。如: This is an invention that benefits mankind. 這是一項造福人類的發明。 Mankind has its own problems. 人類有自己的問題。 特別提醒:mankind 表示“人(類)”時,雖不可數,但有時卻可以表示復數意義,尤其是當其表語是復數時。如:Mankind are intelligent animals. 人是理智的動物。 ③fruit(水果):作為集合名詞,它通常是不可數的。如: He doesn’t not eat much fruit. 他不大吃水果。 He is growing fruit in the country. 他在農村種水果。 但是,當要表示種類時,它可視為可數名詞,即a fruit 指一種水果,fruits 指多種水果。體會: Some fruits have thick skins. 有些水果皮很厚。 The potato is a vegetable, not a fruit. 土豆是一種蔬菜,而不是一種水果。 3. 根據上下文的語境選擇恰當的名詞。高考對名詞的考查還經常涉及這樣一類考題,即要求考生根據所給句子上下文所暗示的語境選擇一個最恰當的詞語,這類題考查的不一定是要求考生辨析同義詞,而是要求考生根據語境的要求選出一個恰當的詞語,或構成固定短語或固定搭配,或使句子語意連貫、邏輯通順。請看兩道高考真題: 1. We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into _____. A. fact B. reality C. practice D. deed 2. Here’s my card. Let’s keep in _____. A. touch B. relation C. connection D. friendship 第1題選C,構成短語 put … into practice,意為“將…付諸實踐”;第2題選A,構成短語keep in touch,意為“保持聯系”。 五、重點考點強化訓練 1. 選擇最佳答案填空: (1) "Can I help you?" "Two _____." A. teas B. cup teas C. cups of teas D. cup of tea (2) "Two brown _____ and one large white one, please." she said in _____. A. loaf, tear B. loaves, tears C. loaf, tears D. loaves, tear (3) How many years’ ______ does your teacher have of teaching English? A. year’s experience B. year’s experiences C. years’ experience D. years’ experiences (4) Of her plays, three were _____ and one was ______. A. success, failure B. successes, a failure C. success, a failure D. successes, failure (5) Mother bought two _____ of _____. A. kilos, potatos B. kiloes, potatoes C. kilos, potatoes D. kiloes, potatos 上一頁 [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] 下一頁 引用地址: |
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