6. 怎樣正確理解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

You don’t need to describe her. I ______ her several times.

A. had met               B. have met             C. met                     D. meet

此題應(yīng)選 B。主要考察現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是各類考試的常考考點(diǎn), 其基本用法有兩種：

一、持續(xù)性用法(或叫未完成用法)：指的是動(dòng)作過去發(fā)生, 但在過去并未完成, 而是從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。此時(shí)多半有表示持續(xù)性的時(shí)間狀語(如for 5 years, since 1990)。

二、影響性用法(或叫已完成用法)：指的是動(dòng)作過去發(fā)生, 且在過去已經(jīng)完成, 但這個(gè)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響, 且說話者正好要強(qiáng)調(diào)的就是這個(gè)影響。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的這個(gè)用法, 一般沒有明顯的時(shí)間狀語, 主要通過上下文來理解。

1. —Where ___ the radio?I can’t see it anywhere.

—I ___ it right here. But now it’s gone.

A. did you put; have put

B. have you put; put

C. had you put; was putting

D. were you putting; have put

2. —Who is Jerry Cooper?

—____?I saw you shaking hands with him at the

meeting.

A. Don’t you meet him yet

B. Hadn’t you met him yet

C. Didn’t you meet him yet

D. Haven’t you met him yet

答案：1. B 2. D

7. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法一得

I don’t think Jim saw me; he ______ into space.

A. just stared           B. was just staring   C. has just stared     D. had just stared

此題應(yīng)選B。主要考察動(dòng)詞過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法(即動(dòng)作在過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行)。此題的上文設(shè)置比較巧妙：前面的主句用了I don’t think(指現(xiàn)在的看法), 而其后的賓語從句用的是saw(指過去的動(dòng)作), 也就是說此題的語境是：現(xiàn)在談?wù)撨^去的情況, 全句意為：我認(rèn)為吉姆當(dāng)時(shí)沒看見我, (因?yàn)?/FONT>)他當(dāng)時(shí)正在朝天空看。