英語分詞可用作哪些狀語

一、時間狀語

Hearing the news, he jumped for joy. 聽了這消息時高興得跳了起來。

Asked who he was, he made no reply. 當問到他是誰時，他沒作回答。

上面兩句中的分詞短語均用作時間狀語，均可改為時間狀語從句，其中現在分詞短語hearing the news相當于when he heard the news，過去分詞短語asked who he was相當于when he was asked who he was。

二、原因狀語

Being sick I stayed at home. 我因病呆在家中。

Much discouraged，she moved on to London. 她很沮喪，搬到了倫敦。

兩句中的分詞短語均用作原因狀語，其中現在分詞短語being sick相當于as he was sick，過去分詞短語much discourage相當于as she was discouraged。

三、條件狀語

Working hard, you will succeed. 如果努力工作，你就可以成功。

Compared with you, I still have a long way to go. 跟你比較起來，我還差得很遠呢。

兩句中的分詞短語均用作條件狀語，其中第一句中的現在分詞短語working hard相當于if you work hard，第二句中的compared with you相當于if I was compared with you。

四、讓步狀語

Although living miles away, he never came late. 雖然住在幾英里以外，他從未遲到。

Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 雖然被擊敗了，他仍是一個受歡迎的拳擊手。

兩句中的分詞短短語均表示讓步，含有“雖然”“盡管”之意，其中第一句中的although living miles away相當于although he lived miles away；第二句中的defeated相當于though he was defeated。

五、方式狀語

He made a lot of money selling waste materials. 他靠賣廢料賺了不少錢。

I’m returning you letter as requested. 我按要求給你退信。

第一句中的現在分詞短語selling waste materials表示方式，相當于by selling waste materials；第二句的as requested也表示方式，相當于as it is required。

六、伴隨狀語

He was lying on the sofa watching TV. 他躺在沙發上看電視。

He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了進來，后面跟著他的妻子。

兩句中的分詞短語均表示伴隨，第一句中的watching TV伴隨謂語動作was lying同時進行；第二句中的followed by his wife伴隨謂語動作came in同時發生。

七、結果狀語

I fell, striking my head against the door. 我摔倒在地，頭撞到門上。

He died, leaving his wife with five children. 他死了，留下他妻子和五個孩子。

兩句中的striking my head against the door和leaving his wife with five children均為結果狀語，分別表示“摔倒”和“死”所帶來的結果。