where還是in where

■本站特約作者  劉青沅 

有朋友在本站留言提問（問題見www.hz123456.com/guestbook/Guest_Reply.asp?TopicID=1352）：

—Mom, what did your doctor say?

—He advised me to live _______ the air is fresher. (2006年四川卷)

A. in where             B. in which              C. the place where         D. where

這道題應該選哪一項？我個人認為 A 和 D 項都正確，選 A 項的話 where 引導名詞性從句（作介詞賓語）；選B項那 where 就是引導狀語從句，A 和 B 的意思都一樣。

這是一個很有趣的問題，這位網友的分析有一定的道理，此題選D無疑是“最正確的”，但選A就“不正確”嗎？是否可以認為 where 引導的從句是用作介詞 in 的賓語呢？或者認為在 where 之前省略了 a place（即 He advised me to live in a place where the air is fresher.）。

由于這是一道高考題，出自專家之手，所以我們首先不要輕易地說這道題出得不妥或不嚴謹。于是我們查了手頭的一些辭書以及自己平時收集的資料，但遺憾的是，介詞 in 后面接where引導的賓語從句的例句子還不真好找，找了半天，只找到下面一個例子：

He has a habit of poking his nose in where it doesn’t belong. 他有個愛打聽閑事的習慣。（摘自《當代美國英語學習詞典》nose 詞條）

不過在“英國國家語料庫”（BNC）上倒是查到了一些相關的例子，由于“英語語法網”的編輯老師說，只有正式出版的英美原版詞典和語法書上的例句才能“以此為據”，BNC上的例句只能供參考，所以其說服力還不是太強，在此筆者請各位朋友提供有關辭書上的例句，對此問題作進一步的探討。

附：在“英國國家語料庫”（BNC）上輸入 in where 查到的一些相關的例子：

△“Fit me in where you need,” said Sara.

△Not her national monument I told her, and she shouldn't come poking her nose in where it wasn't wanted.

△The weaving yarn is only caught in where the card changes from blanks to punched holes or vice versa.

△The equipment was usually quite well protected, but the wind was driving rain in where it usually did not reach.

△He didn't bother too much where the flag was, he was just interested in where he was going to land the ball.

△I am not that interested in where the jobs that make the product are located, but I have sympathy with tobacco workers.

△There are, moreover, serious complications in the view taken by the later tradition, complications which clearly arise from an attempt to fit Abdulkerim in where he does not belong.

△Third, there is a distinct difference in where and how this recession has struck: while the 1980–81 recession hit deep in manufacturing, this recession has hit the South East and the service sector.

△There is a subtle but very real difference in where you place the emphasis, and the interviewer will not then automatically make the assumption that there was something lacking in you which caused you to be made redundant.

△Susan explained as well as she could that at present they wouldn't want any help, whereupon the visitor bristled and announced that she was ‘Blunt by name, and blunt by nature’, and knew better than to push herself in where she wasn't wanted!

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