四、關(guān)于時(shí)態(tài)的幾個(gè)問題

1. 關(guān)于時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間范疇問題

(1) 屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)間范疇的時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，一般將來時(shí)。

這4種時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)的概念與現(xiàn)在時(shí)間有關(guān)。

(2) 屬于過去時(shí)間范疇的時(shí)態(tài)：一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)。

這4種時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)的概念與過去時(shí)間有關(guān)。

2. 關(guān)于時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)

如果主句謂語動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)，那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)也要用過去時(shí)間的時(shí)態(tài)，這種現(xiàn)象叫“時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)”。例如：

He said he understood it. 他說他懂了。

She wasn’t sure whether you were watching TV. 她不敢肯定你是否在看電視。

He told me he had graduated from middle school two years before. 他告訴我他兩年前就中學(xué)畢業(yè)了。

The boy said he would do anything for his own country. 小孩說他為自己的祖國(guó)愿做任何事。

Tom saw a girl come to him when he was sitting there. 湯姆正坐在那兒時(shí)，看見一個(gè)女孩向他走來。

當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)可以根據(jù)情況不受限制。例如：

I think I was very lucky to get that job. 我想我很幸運(yùn)得到這件工作。

We wonder who built that old bridge. 我們不知道是誰建造的那座古橋。

I remember that she was crying when I got home. 我記得當(dāng)我回家時(shí)她正在哭。

You will notice that this word has several meanings. 你會(huì)注意到那個(gè)單詞有幾種意義。

I know that she will regret for her mistake. 我知道她將為她的錯(cuò)誤而后悔。

五、集八種時(shí)態(tài)于一篇短文

I got a letter from my sister yesterday. She lives in a foreign country. In her letter, she said that she would come to China next year. If she comes, she will get a surprise. We are living in a beautiful new house now. The building work on it had begun before my sister left. The house was completed almost a year ago. It has been the only modern house in this area ever since.

I still remember that so many of us were living in a very small house when my sister left home. But now the new house has many large rooms and there is a lovely garden. Though it looks strange to some people, it is really very comfortable.

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