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-ed形容詞與-ing形容詞的用法特點與規律 | |||
作者:JDG 文章來源:本站原創 點擊數: 更新時間:2015/3/26 |
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-ed形容詞與-ing形容詞的用法特點與規律 英語中有些過去分詞可以轉化為形容詞詞,如amazed(吃驚的),amused(愉悅的),annoyed(氣惱的),astonished(驚訝的),bored(厭煩的),confused(困惑的),disappointed(失望的),discouraged(泄氣的),embarrassed(尷尬的,感到為難的),excited(興奮的),frightened(受驚的),interested(感興趣的),puzzled(困惑的),satisfied(滿意的),shocked(令人震驚的,可怕的),surprised(驚訝的),worried(擔心的)等。 另外,有些現在分詞也可以轉化為形容詞詞,如amazing(驚人的),amusing(有趣的),annoying(使人氣惱的),astonishing(令人驚訝的),boring (厭煩的),confusing(令人困惑的),disappointing(令人失望的),discouraging(令人泄氣的),embarrassing(令人為難的),exciting(令人興奮的),frightening(令人恐懼的),interesting(有趣的),puzzling(令人困惑的),satisfying(令人滿意的),shocking(令人震驚的,可怕的),surprising(令人驚訝的),worrying(令人擔心的)等。 以上由分詞轉化來的形容詞具有以下用法特點: 1. 作為形容詞,它們既可用作表語,也可用作定語。尤其是-ed形容詞,許多同學以為它們只能用作表語,其實只要語義需要,它們完全可以用作定語。如: Interested members will meet at two. 感興趣的會員兩點鐘碰頭。 The frightened horse ran away from the fire. 驚恐的馬從大火中跑開。 The exhausted runner was gasping for breath. 那人跑得疲憊已極,上氣不接下氣。 The tired children trailed along behind their parents. 孩子們累了,沒精打采地跟在父母后面。 The excited children forgot to take the presents to the party. 孩子們興奮得忘了把禮物帶到聚會上了。 2. 有的同學認為:-ed形容詞只用于修飾人,-ing形容詞只用于修飾事物,其實不一定。正確的理解是:-ed形容詞與-ing形容詞的基本區別是:-ed形容詞指人的感覺,表示人感到如何;而-ing形容詞則指事物給人的感覺,表示令人感到如何。如: The man was really annoyed. 這個人真的生氣了。 The man was really annoying. 這個人真的讓人很煩。 The man was very much frightened. 這個人非常害怕。 The man was very much frightening. 這個人非常可怕。 Everyone there was interested. 那兒的每個都很感興趣。 Everyone there was interesting. 那兒的每個都很有趣。 Her son was very disappointed. 她的兒子非常失望。 Her son was very disappointing. 她的兒子非常令人失望。 -ed形容詞除用于說明人的感覺外,有也用于修飾voice, look, expression, appearance, manner, smile等,用以表示該名詞邏輯主語的感覺。如: He gave her an astonished look. 他驚異地望了她一眼。 She had a pleased look on her face. 她臉上有高興的神情。 Mr. Knight gave a satisfied smile. 奈特先生露出滿意的微笑。 His face wore a puzzled expression. 他臉上有一種困惑的表情。 She had a worried look on her face. 她臉上有一種憂慮的表情。 He wore an embarrassed expression. 他臉上有一種尷尬的表情。 She had confused feelings about him. 她對他有一些混雜的情緒。 He didn’t notice the surprised look on her face. 他沒注意到她臉上驚異的表情。 比較: We noticed a disappointing look on his face. 我們注意到他臉上一種令人失望的表情。(“他”并不失望,但見了他表情的人會失望) We noticed a disappointed look on his face. 我們注意到他臉上有一種失望的表情。(感到失望的是“他”,不是別人) |
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