英語強調(diào)句學(xué)習(xí)的四個錯點

易錯點一：混淆強調(diào)句與定語從句

It was in the small house ________ was built with stones by his father ________ he spent his childhood.

A. which, that    B. that, which     C. which, which   D. that, where

答案選A，填對此句的關(guān)鍵是要弄清第二空必須填 that，因為這是一個強調(diào)句，被強調(diào)部分為 in the small house (以及修飾它的定語從句 which was built with stones by his father)。又如：

It was the boy ________ had been in prison ________ stole the money.

A. who, where      B. that, how    C. who, that      D. that, which

此題答案選C，全句為強調(diào)句，被強調(diào)成分是 the boy (以及修飾它的定語從句who had been in prison)。

易錯點一：混淆強調(diào)句與狀語從句

It’s more than half a century ________ the People’s Republic of China was liberated.

A. when     B. that      C. since     D. after

有的考生一見到句首的 it’s，再一看選項中的that，就馬上聯(lián)想到It is...that... 這樣的強調(diào)句型，并認(rèn)為被強調(diào)的成分是時間狀語 more than half a century，從而毫不猶豫地選擇了B。按照以上分析，假若這是強調(diào)句，那么若將此句還原為非強調(diào)句就應(yīng)該是The People’s Republic of China was liberated (for) more than half a century. 很顯然, 句中的 more than half a century 是一段時間，然而它修飾的謂語動詞 (was) liberated 卻是一個終止性動詞，按此意思則是說“解放中華人民共和國”這一動作一直持續(xù)了半個多世紀(jì)，這顯然是荒唐的。其實，此題應(yīng)選C，屬于“It is＋一段時間＋since 從句”句型，句意為“自中華人民共和國解放以來, 時間已過去半個多世紀(jì)”。此句的主句謂語也可以用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)(has been)，但在口語中一般多用一般現(xiàn)在時代替。

易錯點三：混淆強調(diào)句與主語從句

It is the Forbidden City that we are going to visit. = We are going to visit the Forbidden City. 我們要去紫禁城。

It is true that we are going to visit the Forbidden City. = That we are going to visit the Forbidden City. (It為形式主語, that引導(dǎo)的從句為真正的主語。)

注：強調(diào)句型的一個顯著特點就是，若去掉強調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)詞 it is / was 和 that / who，句子結(jié)構(gòu)依然完整，若是其他句型，則不行。

易錯點四：被復(fù)雜的被強調(diào)成分所迷惑

It was what he meant rather than what he said ________ annoyed me.

A. which       B. as        C. what       D. that

許多同學(xué)對此題的結(jié)構(gòu)分析感到無從下手。其實，此題為一個強調(diào)句型，空格處應(yīng)填 that (即選D)，被強調(diào)成分為 what he meant rather than what he said。句意為“讓我生氣的不是他說的話，而是他話中的意思”。請再看幾例：

1. It was his nervousness in the interview ________ probably lost him the job.

A. which      B. since     C. that         D. what

答案選C，為強調(diào)句型，被強調(diào)成分為 his nervousness in the interview，句意為“很可能是面試時表現(xiàn)出緊張，使他失去了這份工作”。

2. It is the ability to do the job ________ matters not where you come from or what you are.

A. one        B. that       C. what        D. it

答案選B，為強調(diào)句型，被強調(diào)成分為 the ability to do the job，句意為“重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你來自何地或你是從事什么工作的”。