it用法的五類易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)一  混淆 it, its, it’s itself 的用法

從表面上看，it, its, itself 的區(qū)別是很明顯的：it 是指示代詞，its 是物主代詞（或叫代詞所有格），it’s 是it is或it has的縮略式，itself 是反身代詞。但在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，許多同學(xué)卻往往將它們混用，尤其是將 its 誤用作 it’s，或是將 itself 為誤用作 it。

【原創(chuàng)考題】根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式（每空限一詞）：

1. The police gave back a stolen watch to ______ (it) owner after they caught the thief. (D105)

2. Surprisingly, Susan’s beautiful hair reached below her knees and made ______ (it) almost an overcoat for her. (安徽卷)

解析：第1題填 its，its owner 指“被盜手表的主人”，不能用 it’s；第2題填 itself，因?yàn)?/SPAN>根據(jù)英語語法，當(dāng)動(dòng)詞的賓語與句子主語指同一人或同一事物時(shí)，用作賓語的代詞應(yīng)用反身代詞，而不能用人稱代詞賓語。

易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)二  將形式主語（賓語）與指示代詞混用

當(dāng)句子主語是比較長的不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句時(shí)，或當(dāng)賓語后面接有賓語補(bǔ)足語且賓語是不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句時(shí)，為避免“頭重腳輕”，通常會(huì)把真正的主語或賓語移至句末，而在原主語或賓語位置使用形式主語或形式賓語。值得注意的是，形式主語或形式賓語只能用 it，不能代之以其他人稱代詞，這是許多同學(xué)經(jīng)常弄混的地方。

【原創(chuàng)考題】根據(jù)句子句意和結(jié)構(gòu)在空格處填上適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語（每空限一詞）：

1. ______ is unbelievable that our boss leads a simple life despite his great wealth.

2. Susan made ______ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.

解析：第1題填 It，句中的 that 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)主語從句，句首應(yīng)用形式主語 it，注意不能填人稱代詞he，否則無法分析 that 從句在句子中的作用；第2句填 it，句中 that 引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，由于該結(jié)構(gòu)過長，故被置于句末，故原賓語位置要用形式賓語it。

易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)三  不清楚it在強(qiáng)調(diào)句式中的用法特點(diǎn)

強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是“it is (was) +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that (who)+其他”。該句式的一個(gè)重要特點(diǎn)是 it is…that…屬于功能詞，與句子結(jié)構(gòu)無關(guān)，在分析時(shí)可以撇開不看。許多同學(xué)在運(yùn)用此類句式時(shí)最可能的出錯(cuò)之處是將 it is (was) 誤寫成 he is (was), she is (was), we are (were) 等。

【原創(chuàng)考題】根據(jù)句子句意和結(jié)構(gòu)在空格處填上適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語（每空限一詞）：

1. ______ doesn’t matter whether you win or lose—______ is taking part that’s important.

2. ______ was after he got what he had desired that he realized it was not so important.

解析：第1題分別填It和it，第一空的it為形式主語，真正的主語是后面的whether從句；第二空填 it，這是強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，如果撇開功能詞 it is…that…不看，該句的非強(qiáng)調(diào)形式為 Taking part is important。第2題填 It，本題也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為時(shí)間狀語從句after he got what he had desired。

另外，強(qiáng)調(diào)句與其他句式的綜合運(yùn)用也是許多同學(xué)容易出錯(cuò)之處，如強(qiáng)調(diào)句式與 not…until…句式綜合，強(qiáng)調(diào)句式與 not…but…句式綜合，強(qiáng)調(diào)句式與 rather than 結(jié)構(gòu)綜合，等等。

【原創(chuàng)考題】根據(jù)句子句意和結(jié)構(gòu)在空格處填上適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語（每空限一詞）：

1. ______ is not who is right but what is right that is of importance.

2. ______ is the protection for the trees that really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.

3. ______ was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.

解析：第1題填It，本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句式與not…but…的綜合；第2題填It，本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句式與 rather t than 的綜合；第3題填It，本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句式與not…until…的綜合。

易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)四  漏用like it when (if)類句式中的it

英語中表示“喜歡”和“不喜歡”的動(dòng)詞 appreciate, like, love, enjoy, prefer, hate, dislike 等，當(dāng)后接if從句或when從句時(shí)，習(xí)慣上要在從句前加上it——這個(gè)it不僅不能省略，而且不能用 him, her, me, us, them 等賓格人稱代詞替換。

【原創(chuàng)考題】根據(jù)句子句意和結(jié)構(gòu)在空格處填上適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語（每空限一詞）：

1. I’d appreciate ______ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.

2. I dislike ______ when the people behind me at the cinema start whispering.

3. I can put up with the house being untidy, but I hate ______ if it’s not clean.

4. I don’t like ______ when you make free with my bike. You should at least ask when you want to borrow it.

解析：四道題均填 it，注意空格前的動(dòng)詞 appreciate, dislike, hate, like 以及空格后 if 和when 引導(dǎo)的從句。注意不要受從句主語的影響而誤填 you, them 等代詞。

易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)五  因未弄清固定搭配或特殊句式而用誤用it

英語中含有it的固定搭配或特殊句式很多，但考綱中真正要求掌握的并不多。請做做以下試題，自測一下看看你對此掌握得怎么樣！

【原創(chuàng)考題】根據(jù)句子句意和結(jié)構(gòu)在空格處填上適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語（每空限一詞）：

1. The train won’t leave for another ten minutes, so I think we can make ______.

2. If ______ were not for the fact that she can’t sing, I would invite her to the party.

3. ______ is the third time that she has won the race, which has surprised us all.

4. Fortunately ______ happened that there was no one in the house at the time of the explosion.

解析：第1題填 it，make it 為固定搭配，在此表示“及時(shí)趕上”；第2題填 it，If it were not for…為引出虛擬條件語氣的固定句式，意思是“要不是因?yàn)椤�…”；�?/FONT>3題填 It，本題考查 It is the first (second, third…) time that…句式；第4題填 it，本題考查 it happened that…（碰巧……）句式。