現在分詞主動式與被動式用法比較

一、現在分詞的主動式

現在分詞的主動式表明它與其邏輯主語之間為主動關系。如：

Nodding, I went to get my purse. 我點了點頭就去拿錢包。

Hearing the news, she broke into tears. 聽到這個消息，她就哭了起來。

Walking on tiptoe, I approached the little window. 我踮著腳，走近那個小窗戶。

Considering everything, it wasn’t a bad holiday. 考慮到各種情況，這次假期過得不錯。

Taking everything into consideration, they ought to get another chance. 考慮到各種因素，應該再給他們一次機會。

Writing hurriedly as she was, she didn’t notice the spelling errors. 因為寫得倉促，她沒有注意其中的拼寫錯誤。

同樣，現在分詞主動式的完成式也表示它與其邏輯主語之間為主動關系，但動作的完成時間要先于謂語動詞。如：

Having bought the house, they couldn’t afford to furnish it. 買了房子之后，他們沒錢配家具。

Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner. 在找好旅館之后，我們就去找吃飯的地方。

Having increased our manufacturing facilities, we are advertising to obtain more users. 增加了生產設備以后，我們做廣告爭取更多的用戶。

Having compared the new dictionary with [to, and] the old one, he found the new one more helpful. 將新舊詞典比較之后，他發現新詞典更有用。

Having noted down our names and addresses, the policeman dismissed us. 那警察把我們的姓名和地址記下之后就讓我們走了。

二、現在分詞的被動式

現在分詞的被動式表明它與其邏輯主語之間為被動關系。如：

Being given a chance, she immediately jumped at it. 給了她這個機會，她立刻抓住。

Being well taken care of, she recovered quickly. 她受到很好的照顧，身體恢復得很快。

Being written in haste, the composition is full of mistakes. 這篇文章倉促寫成，故錯誤百出。

Being protected by a wall, he felt quite safe. 有一堵墻保護，他感到很安全。

同樣，現在分詞被動式的完成式也表示它與其邏輯主語之間為被動關系，但動作的完成時間要先于謂語動詞。如：

Having been warned about the bandits, he left his valuables at home. 聽到關于強盜出沒的警告，他把貴重物品都留在家里了。

Having been bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog up. 郵遞員被狗咬了兩次之后要我們把狗拴起來，不然就不給我們送信了。

Having been asked to stay, I couldn’t very well leave. 既然要我留下，我就不好走了。

Having been duly warned that I would get nowhere with my application, I went right ahead and applied anyway. 雖然有人適時提醒我這樣的申請不會有什么結果，我還是執意提出了申請。