現在分詞用作狀語（九類）

現在分詞用作狀語時，可以表示謂語動作所發生的時間、原因、條件、讓步、方式、伴隨、目的、程度和結果。如：

(1) 作時間狀語

Being given a chance, she immediately jumped at it. 給了她這個機會，她立刻抓住。

Seeing the police, he made a run for the exit. 一看到警察他就向出口奔去。

Passing the place, my sense of oppression increased. 經過那地方，我的壓抑感便越發厲害。

(2) 作原因狀語

Being well taken care of, she recovered quickly.(www.cpsenglish.com)  她受到很好的照顧，身體恢復得很快。

Writing hurriedly as she was, she didn’t notice the spelling errors. 因為寫得倉促，她沒有注意其中的拼寫錯誤。

Stepping carelessly off the pazement, he was knocked down by the bus. 他不小心離開了人行道，被公共汽車撞倒了。

(3) 作條件狀語

Being advised to talk less, Mary keeps silent while we talk. 要是叫她少說點，當我們說話的時候，瑪麗就會保持沉默。

It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays. 把路上的耽擱算進去，你要用半小時才能到車站。

Being defeated in every battle, the enemy will soon surrender. 要是敵人每場戰斗都被打敗，那他們就會投降。

(4) 作讓步狀語

Granting this to be true, we cannot explain it.  雖然我們承認這是事實，卻無法予以說明。

While admitting that he received the stolen jewellery, he denied having taken part in the robbery. 盡管承認收受了盜竊的珠寶，但他否認參與了搶劫案。

(5) 作方式狀語

You gave me such a fright creeping up on me like that! 你那樣不聲不響地過來，嚇了我一跳。

You gave me (quite) a fright suddenly coming in here like that. 你那樣突然走到這里，真嚇了我一大跳。

My flight was delayed, so I killed time / killed two hours reading a book. 我那趟班機誤點了，我只好看書消磨時間[打發了兩小時]。

(6) 作伴隨狀語

The little boy went upstairs trailing his teddy bear behind him. 那小男孩兒走上樓去，還拖著他的玩具熊。

He has been courting the director, hoping to get the leading role in the play. 他一直在討好導演，想在劇中扮演主角。

She travelled widely throughout North America lecturing on women's rights. 她在北美就婦女權利問題作巡回演講。

(7) 作目的狀語

現在分詞用作目的狀語的用法非常有限，主要見于那些表示人們所從事的活動方面的動詞，如boating, climbing, fishing, hunting, riding, sailing, shopping, shooting, skating, skiing, swimming, walking, washing等。用例如下：

At one time I used to go skiing every winter. (www.cpsenglish.com) 我有一度每到冬季就去滑雪。

We'll go swimming if we get warn enough weather. 如果天氣夠暖和的話，我們就去游泳。

I'm not sacrificing my day off just to go shopping with Jane. 我可不愿犧牲一天的休假日單單陪簡去買東西。 

(8) 作程度狀語

現在分詞作程度狀語的用法也很有限，主要見于以下表達，其中的現在分詞相當于程度副詞，表示類似very的意義，主要用于加強語氣：

boiling (煮熟似的) hot                 burning (火燒似的) hot

freezing (結冰似的) cold             perishing (毀滅地) cold

shocking (嚴重地) bad                soaking (濕透地) wet

sopping (濕淋淋地) wet              tearing (心碎地，激烈地) angry

thundering (驚愕地) big

He was caught in the heavy rain and got his clothes soaking wet. 他淋了一場大雨，把衣服全部弄濕了。

He wore his thin coat in freezing cold days and fell ill soon. 他在冰冷的天還穿著單薄的大衣，不久就病倒了。

(9) 作結果狀語

The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. 那孩子跌倒了，頭碰在門上磕破了。

I fell, striking my head against the door and cutting it. (www.cpsenglish.com) 我摔了個跟頭，頭撞在了門上，劃了個口子。

He fell down the stairs, landing in a heap at the bottom. 他從樓梯上摔下來，直跌到樓梯底部滾成一團。

An Act was passed giving the army extraordinary powers. 這項法案的通過賦予軍隊特別的權力。