the way的用法及其含義

新課標人教版必修二第1單元Reading中，有這樣一個句子：In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted. 1770年，這間琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。

the way在句中的語法作用是什么？其意義如何？在閱讀時，學生經常會碰到一些含有the way的句子，如：No one knows the way he invented the machine. He did not do the experiment the way his teacher told him.等等。他們對the way 的用法和含義比較模糊。

在這幾個句子中，the way之后的部分都是定語從句。第一句的意思是，“沒人知道他是怎樣發明這臺機器的。”the way的意思相當于how；第二句的意思是，“他沒有按照老師說的那樣做實驗。”the way 的意思相當于as。在In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted.這句話中，the way也是as的含義。隨著現代英語的發展，the way的用法已越來越普遍了。下面，我們從the way的語法作用和意義等方面做一考查和分析：

（一）the way作先行詞，后接定語從句

以下3種表達都是正確的。例如：“我喜歡她笑的樣子。”

1. the way+ in which +從句

I like the way in which she smiles.

2. the way+ that +從句

I like the way that she smiles.

3. the way + 從句(省略了in which或that)

I like the way she smiles.

又如：“火災如何發生的，有好幾種說法。”

1. There were several theories about the way in which the fire started.

2. There were several theories about the way that the fire started.

3. There were several theories about the way the fire started.

上述句子都正確，意思也完全相同。但是，the way之后用in which引導的定語從句最為正式；省略了that或in which是最自然、最常用的表達；然而，the way之后用that引導定語從句，最不常見。

注意，在先行詞the way之后不用how。因為引導定語從句的關系詞是that而不是how,因此，《現代英語慣用法詞典》中所給出的下面兩個句子是錯誤的：

This is the way how it happened.

This is the way how he always treats me.

（二）the way在句中的語法作用

the way在句中可以作主語、賓語或表語：

1.作主語

The way you are doing it is completely crazy.你這個干法簡直發瘋。

The way she puts on that accent really irritates me. 她故意操那種口音的樣子實在令我惱火。

The way she behaved towards him was utterly ruthless. 她對待他真是無情至極。

Words are important, but the way a person stands, folds his or her arms or moves his or her hands can also give us information about his or her feelings. 言語固然重要,但人的站姿,抱臂的方式和手勢也回告訴我們他(她)的情感。

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