that if是什么意思

■本站特約作者  陳根花  供稿

【問(wèn)題實(shí)例】

有這樣一個(gè)句子，有同學(xué)問(wèn)，其中的 that if 是什么意思：　　

You will let your friend borrow it, but tell him / her that if the camera is broken again, he / she will have to pay to get it repaired.  你會(huì)把照相機(jī)借給朋友，但是告訴他（她），如果這次再摔壞，他（她）得自己掏錢(qián)去修。

【問(wèn)題分析】　　

有時(shí)that可以與if搭配使用，構(gòu)成that if這樣的形式，這樣用時(shí)，其中的that 通常用于引導(dǎo)名詞性從句（如賓語(yǔ)從句），而其中的if則用于引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。如：　　

He said that if I had time I was to wash the floor. 他說(shuō)如果我有時(shí)間的話(huà)就擦一擦地板。　　

He said that if his children were older he would emigrate. 他說(shuō)如果他的孩子們?cè)俅簏c(diǎn)的話(huà)他就會(huì)移居國(guó)外。　　

Bill said that if he had the instruction manual he would know what to do. 比爾說(shuō)如果他有說(shuō)明書(shū)他就知道該怎么弄了。　　

He said that if she had loved Tom she wouldn’t have left him. 他說(shuō)如果她喜歡湯姆的話(huà)就不會(huì)離開(kāi)他。　　

He said that if I passed my test he would buy me a car. 他說(shuō)如果我通過(guò)考試，他將給我買(mǎi)輛汽車(chē)。　　

He said that if he fell asleep at the wheel she was to wake him up. 他說(shuō)，如果他在開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)打瞌睡，她必須把他叫醒。　　

He said that if he caught the plane he would be home by five. 他說(shuō)他如果能趕上那班飛機(jī)，5點(diǎn)鐘以前就可以到家了。　　

【句型變換】　　

這類(lèi)句子通常可以將 if 引導(dǎo)的條件從句移至句末而意思不變。如：　　

He said that if he had a permit he could get a job.＝He said that he could get a job if he had a permit. 他說(shuō)如果他有許可證就能找到工作。　　

He said that if the floods got worse they would have to leave the house.＝He said that they would have to leave the house if the floods got worse 他說(shuō)如果洪水漲得更高，他們就得離開(kāi)那所房子。　　

Tom said that if she wanted to stay on she would have to work harder. ＝Tom said that she would have to work harder if she wanted to stay on.  湯姆說(shuō)她如果想繼續(xù)留在那兒，就必須更努力地工作。　　

He was sure that if he drank any more of this good red wine he would fall asleep.＝He was sure that he would fall asleep if he drank any more of this good red wine. 他敢肯定如果他再多喝一點(diǎn)這種上乘的紅酒，他會(huì)睡著的。