so還是such?　　

——對一道中考試題的商榷　　

■本站特約作者李翔　　

■2011年徐州市中考英語試題第64小題：　　

I like people in Xuzhou. They are s_______ nice people.　　

所給的答案為so。(摘自李朝東總主編《2100年全國中考試卷匯編 江蘇十三大市中考試卷匯編之英語》 中國少年兒童出版社 2011年7月第6次印刷 p96)　　

■可以看出試題中的“so”用于“so+adj+n”結(jié)構(gòu)中。然而，筆者認(rèn)為這個答案是錯誤的，至少是值得商榷的，因為它超出了中學(xué)生尤其是初中生的英語知識范圍。當(dāng)前中學(xué)英語教師自己所接受的與傳授給學(xué)生的說法是這樣的：so…that結(jié)構(gòu)可分四種形式：　　

(1) so+形容詞(分詞或副詞)+that從句；　　

(2) so+形容詞+(an)+單數(shù)名詞+that從句；　　

(3) so+動詞+that從句；　　

(4) so+many, few, (much, little)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞(不可數(shù)名詞)+that從句。(筆者注：有時這四種結(jié)構(gòu)也可單獨(dú)使用，即后面不接that從句)(張鑫友編著《英語相似詞語辨析詞典》華中師范大學(xué)出版社2004年5月第1版 p672)　　

■盡管在英美國家在英美國家的語料庫中也有使用“so+adj+n”的真實(shí)例證(以比較常見的形容詞good, bad, nice為例)如，在BUY-BNC BRTISH NATIONAL CORPUS (UK,1980s-1993) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University ) http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc/上　　

含有“so+good+n”的例句有：　　

Not so good luck for the Veterans A side in Division One of the Veterans’ Section, who went down 7–2 to Romford A. Derek Wood and Dave Binns took a point apiece for 　Clacton　.　　

…, and with all having so good means and ability to live…　　

 I’d been so good sea sick.　　

含有“so+bad+n”的例句有：　　

You not so bad mate, you?　　

Hello. Colin how you getting on, alright? Not so bad thanks.　　

Yeah not too bad, are you? Not so bad love.　　

含有“so+nice+n”的例句有：　　

It’s very difficult to know how to sum the whole package up. On the one hand, it’s very powerful. On the other, it’s full of not so nice surprises.　　

再如，在The CORPUS OF CONTEMPORAY AMERICAN ENGLISH (1990-2011) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University) http://www.americancorpus.org/ 上含有“so+good+n”的例句有：　　

Such memories, good ones and not so good ones.　　

John Morressy mentions good news and not so good news about Kedngern.　　

Boss, I’ve got some good news and some not so good news,…　　

It’s great news for profits, not so good news if you’re an unnecessary laborer.　　

But first, some good news and some not so good news for 　　Pakistan　　’s president today.　　

I’ve seen a lot of good people get out because they were so frustrated with their not so good people that were being retained.　　

There was some good moments and some not so good moments.　　

含有“so+bad+n”的例句有：　　

I admit it’s not so bad cutting, you know, it’s very gentle.　　

Because it is difficult to gather evidence that is usable in court, some truly bad actors, along with some not so bad ones who have been held unfairly, will inevitably be released.　　

含有“so+nice+n”的例句有：　　

Right. Anyway, hey, we have some not so nice weather to talk about today, Carol.　　

And with all due respect to the great stories in this book, the thing that I am most moved by quite frankly is your sharing about your mother, and what your mother told you when you had returned from being a POW. And had some not so nice things to say about those who held you captive.

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