given有哪些用用法

1. 用作 give 的過(guò)去分詞，引出過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，意為“如果有……”，“假定……”等義，此時(shí)要注意其邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子主語(yǔ)保持一致，句子謂語(yǔ)是否用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，要視句子的具體含義而定。如：

Given time, they’ll probably agree. 給以時(shí)間的話，他們可能會(huì)同意。（=If we give them time…或If they are given time…）

Given more attention, the trees could have grown better. 要是對(duì)這些樹多加注意，它們會(huì)長(zhǎng)得更好。（=If the trees had been given more attention, they could be grown better.)

2. 在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中可用作介詞，后接名詞或代詞，意為“考慮到”或“鑒于”。如：

Given their inexperience, they’ve done a good job. 考慮到他們?nèi)狈��?jīng)驗(yàn)，這工作他們已干得很不錯(cuò)了。

Given her interest in children, I’m sure teaching is the right career for her. 鑒于她對(duì)小孩的興趣，我敢肯定教書是她最適合的職業(yè)。

注意，given 后也可接 that 從句。如上面兩句也可以改為：

Given that they’re inexperienced, they have done a good job.

Given that she is interested in children, I’m sure teaching is the right career for her.

3. 用作形容詞，意為“特定的”“一定的”“規(guī)定的”等，通常用作定語(yǔ)。如：

The work must be done within the given time. 工作必須在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)完成。

They were to meet at a given time and place. 他們定了個(gè)特定時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)見(jiàn)面。

比較下面一句，given為過(guò)去分詞，用作后置定語(yǔ)：

The book given to him was an English novel. (= The book which was given to him was an English novel). 送給他的那本書是本英語(yǔ)小說(shuō)。