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談談分詞的邏輯主語問題 |
作者:何素秀 文章來源:英語語法網 點擊數 更新時間:2008-04-22 文章錄入:admin 責任編輯:admin |
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2. 當句子含有先行主語it或there時,有時用作狀語的分詞短語可以與先行主語不一致。如: Having so little time, there was not much that I could do. 由于時間很少,我能做的事很有限。 Being French, it’s surprising that she’s such a terrible cook. 她是法國人,但她做飯做得那么糟真是令人感到驚奇。 3. 當分詞已轉化為介詞或連詞,此時也無需考慮主語一致問題。如: Supposing she doesn’t come, what shall we do? 要是她不來我們怎么辦?(supposing為連詞,意為“假若”) Given their inexperience, they’ve done a good job. 考慮到他們沒有經驗,這工作已做得很不錯了。(given為介詞,意為“考慮到”) 4. 當分詞暗含的邏輯主語為表示泛指意義的one或you時,也無需考慮主語的一致性問題。如: In doing such work, patience is needed. 做這種工作需要耐心。(=When one does such work, patience is needed.) 四、分詞的獨立主格結構 在通常情況下,分詞作狀語時它的邏輯主語應與句子主語一致,若不一致,則應改用其他句型。如: 誤:Crossing the road, a car knocked him down. 正:Crossing the road, he was knocked down by a car. 過馬路時他被車撞倒了。 正:When he was crossing the road, a car knocked him down. 他過馬路時車子把他撞倒了。 解決狀語分詞的邏輯主語與句子主語不一致的問題,也可在分詞前加一個名詞或代詞,使之成為分詞的邏輯主語。由于加在分詞前的名詞或代詞要用主格形式,故稱分詞的獨立主格結構。如: The job finished, we went home. 工作結束后我們就回家了。 The weather being fine, we went swimming. 天氣很好,我們就去游泳了。 He being absent, nothing couldn’t be done. 由于他缺席,什么事也干不成。 (編輯 陳根花)
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