whatever, whoever, whichever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句

1. whatever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句

Whatever的意思是“所…的一切事或東西”，可視為what的強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)法，其含義大致相當(dāng)于anything that，whatever在從句中可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)：

Whatever he did was right. 無(wú)論他做什么都是對(duì)的。

Give them whatever they desire. 他們想要什么就給他們什么。

I will just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就說(shuō)什么。

Goats eat whatever (food) they can find. 山羊找到什么(食物)就吃什么(食物)。

I’m going to learn whatever my tutor wishes. 我將學(xué)習(xí)任何我的導(dǎo)師愿意我學(xué)的東西。

He does whatever she asks him to do. 她要他做什么，他就做什么。

Talk to me about whatever is troubling you. 給我談?wù)勅魏问鼓銦�惱的事�?/SPAN>

One should stick to whatever one has begun. 開(kāi)始了的事就要堅(jiān)持下去。

She would tell him whatever news she got. 她得到的任何消息都會(huì)告訴他。

You can have whatever allowance you like. 你想要多少津貼就給你多少津貼。

2. whoever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句

whoever的意思“任何…的人”，在意義上大致相當(dāng)于 anybody who。whoever在從句中可用作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)：

I’ll take whoever wants to go. 誰(shuí)想去我就帶誰(shuí)去。

She can marry whoever she chooses. 她愿意嫁誰(shuí)就嫁誰(shuí)。

Whoever wants the book may have it. 任何人要這書(shū)都可拿去。

Whoever comes will be welcome. 誰(shuí)來(lái)都?xì)g迎。

Whoever you invite will be welcome. 任何你邀請(qǐng)的人都?xì)g迎。

Whoever breaks this law deserves a fine. 違反本法者應(yīng)予以罰款。

I’ll give the ticket to whoever wants it. 請(qǐng)想要這票，我就把它給誰(shuí)。

【注意】

(1) whoever既用作主格也用作賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不宜用whomever，因?yàn)樵诂F(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中whomever已幾乎不用)。

(2) 注意以下受漢語(yǔ)意思影響而弄錯(cuò)的句子：

誤：Who wins can get a prize. / Anyone wins can get a prize. (from www.hz123456.com)

正：Whoever wins can get a prize. / Anyone who wins can a prize. 誰(shuí)贏了都可以獲獎(jiǎng)。

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