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cause用作動詞與名詞 |
作者:JDG+HJD 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時間:2011-11-15 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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cause用作動詞與名詞 1. 用作動詞,有兩類用法需注意: (1) 表示“造成”“使(發(fā)生)”,注意以下搭配: ①其后可直接用造成的結(jié)果或發(fā)生的事情作賓語。如: Smoking can cause lung cancer. 吸煙可導(dǎo)致肺癌。 Careless drivers cause accidents. 司機(jī)不小心就出事故。 ②后接雙賓語。如: The car caused me a lot of trouble. 這車給我引來了不少麻煩。 He caused his parents much unhappiness. 他弄得他父母很不愉快。 I hope this will not cause you any inconvenience. 希望這不會給你造成不便。 ③后接不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語。如: The cold weather caused the plants to die. 天氣寒冷凍死了植物。 Heating a copper bar will cause it to expand. 對銅棒加熱會使它膨脹。 What caused your wife to change her mind? 是什么使你的妻子改變了主意? 若雙賓語易位,可用介詞 to / for 來引出間接賓語。如: Her irresponsible behaviour has caused her family a great deal of anxiety.=Her irresponsible behaviour has caused a great deal of anxiety to [for] her family. 她不負(fù)責(zé)任的行為已引起她的家人的莫大擔(dān)擾。 (2) 表示“使”“迫使”,通常接不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語,注意不要受動詞 make 的影響而用錯句型。比較: 是什么使她哭了? 正:What caused her to cry? / What made her cry? 誤:What caused her cry [crying]? / What made her to cry? 這個壞消息使她傷心。 正:The bad news caused her to be sad. 正:The bad news made her sad. 誤:The bad news caused her sad. 2. 用作名詞,有以下3種主要用法: (1) 表示“原因”,為可數(shù)名詞。如: Bacteria are often a cause of disease. 細(xì)菌常常引起疾病。 Smoking is one of the causes of heart disease. 吸煙是引起心臟病的一種原因。 (2) 表示“理由”,為不可數(shù)名詞。如: He had just cause for anger. 他有正當(dāng)?shù)睦碛缮鷼狻?SPAN lang=EN-US> (3) 表示“事業(yè)”“奮斗目標(biāo)”,為可數(shù)名詞。如: He dedicated himself to the cause of science. 他獻(xiàn)身科學(xué)事業(yè)。 比較下面兩句,注意cause前冠詞的有無: There is no effect without a cause. 沒有無因之果。 Don’t complain without (good) cause. 不要無故抱怨。 3. 比較cause與reason: (1) 表示造成某一事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的直接原因或起因,一般要用cause(后常接of),不用reason。如: Carelessness is often the cause of fires. 疏忽大意往往釀成火災(zāi)。 Friction is the cause of the match’s lighting. 摩擦是火柴點(diǎn)燃的原因。 (2) 若是說明或解釋某種行為或看法的理由,兩者可通用(其后常接 for或不定式)。如: There is no cause [reason] for anxiety [to be anxious]. 沒有理由焦慮。 You have no reason [cause] for complaint [to complain]. 你沒有理由抱怨。 |
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