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談談不定式符號to的省略 |
作者:hgram 文章來源:www.hz123456.com 點擊數9999 更新時間:2008-07-18 文章錄入:admin 責任編輯:admin |
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1. 一般說來,不定式前面要有小品詞to,但在下列情況中,不定式前的小品詞to須省略。 (1) 情態動詞及助動詞之后一般要省略to,如: He can speak several languages. 他能說好幾種語言。 We must work hard. 我們必須努力工作。 注意:在used, ought, have, be之后的不定式要帶to。如: He used to come here at eight. 他過去常在八點來這里。 (2) 在感官動詞feel, hear, look at, listen to, notice, observe, sense, see, watch及使讓動詞make后做賓語補足語的不定式前的to須省略。如(from www.hz123456.com): I heard them break a glass in the next door. 我聽見他們在隔壁打破了一個玻璃杯子。 注意:當這些動詞,除let, have沒有被動語態外,變為被動語態時,不定式前的to不能省略。如: They were heard to break a glass in the next door. 聽見他們在隔壁打破了一個玻璃杯子。 (3) 不定式作介詞besides, but, except的賓語或系動詞be的表語時,而在介詞besides, but, except或系動詞be前有do的某種形式,不定式前的to須省略。如: We can do nothing but wait there. 我們除了在那兒等待之外,沒有其它的辦法。 (4) 不定式在cannot but, had better / best, rather than, sooner than, would rather, would sooner, know better than等短語之后時,不定式前的to常被省略。如: I would rather watch a TV play than play cards. 我寧愿看一場電視劇,也不愿打牌。 (5) 用why向第二人稱you 提問,而you被省略時,動詞前不能用to,從而構成Why (not) do…? 如: You look tired. Why not have a good rest. 你看起來很疲倦,何不好好休息一下呢? (6) 在go hang, hear say, hear tell, let go, let fly, make believe, make do 等固定搭配中,不定式前的to常被省略。如(from www.hz123456.com): I used to hear say that he came from Canada. 我過去常聽說他是加拿大人。 2. 有時候,不定式前面的小品詞to可有可無。如: (1) 動詞help, bid, know等接不定式作賓語補足語時,不定式前面的小品詞to可有可無。如: He used to help us (to) practice our spoken English. 他過去常幫助我們練習英語口語。 (2) 動詞help, stare等接不定式作賓語時,不定式前面的小品詞to可有可無。如: Can you help buy a stamp for me, please? 請幫我買張郵票,好嗎? |
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