替代詞it, one, that和those用法說明

為了避免重復出現(xiàn)前面已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)的名詞，常用it, one, that, those來替代。這幾個替代詞是高考中的一個�？键c�，F(xiàn)將各個替代詞的用法歸納如下：

用法說明一：

it和that都替代“the+單數(shù)名詞(可數(shù)或不可數(shù))”，都是特指，都可替代可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，但it指前面提到的“同一”事物，而that是指前面提到的“同類”事物。如：

My father bought me a pen and I like it very much.我父親給我買了一支鋼筆，我非常喜歡它。(it替代the pen，指前面提到的父親給我買的那支鋼筆)

This dictionary is more useful than that (=the one)I bought yesterday.這本詞典比我昨天買的更有用。(that替代the dictionary，與前面的this dictionary是同類)

用法說明二：

one替代“a＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”，表示泛指；其復數(shù)形式ones替代泛指的復數(shù)名詞。特指的the one相當于that，替代“the+單數(shù)名詞”；the one的復數(shù)形式the ones，替代“the+復數(shù)名詞”，在口語中也常用those代替。當后面有of短語時，多用that或those；當有前置修飾語時，只能用one(s)。另外，one(s), the one(s), those都只能替代可數(shù)名詞。如：

Radios are useful for me to learn English. I’d like to buy one.收音機對我學英語很有用，我想買一臺。(one替代a radio，是泛指收音機這類東西中的一臺) (from www.yygrammar)

We still have shortcomings，and they are very big ones too. 我們還有缺點，而且是很大的缺點。(ones替代shortcomings)

We kept seats for those who might arrive late.我們給可能來晚的人留了座位。(those=the ones替代the persons)

Waves of red light are about twice as long as those of blue light.紅色光線的波長約為藍色波長的兩倍。(those替代the waves)

The population of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwall. 蘇格蘭的人口是康沃爾人口的八倍。(that替代不可數(shù)名詞the population，不能用the one)