零冠詞用法的六個易錯點

所謂用零冠詞，即既不用定冠詞，也不用不定冠詞。以下幾點需注意，不要用錯：

(1)表泛指的不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞前

Blood circulates in the body. 血液在體內(nèi)循環(huán)。

Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen. 水由氫和氧組成。

Money circulates quickly in times of inflation. 貨幣在通貨膨脹期間流通很快。

Trees don’t grow in the Antarctic. 南極不長樹木。

Children are very hard on their shoes. 小孩子穿鞋很容易破。

比較：

Blood is thicker than water. 水濃于水。

Don’t put the water in the blood. 不要把這些水放到這些血里面去。

 (2)倒裝的讓步狀語從句中

在as(雖然)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句前面的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前不用冠詞。如：

Boy as he is, he likes to play with girls. 他雖是個男孩，但卻喜歡與女孩子玩。

Big puzzle as it was, it hadn’t got the better of Jim. 雖然是個大難題，但仍沒有難倒吉姆。

(3)某些特殊詞前

例如在man(人，人類), word(消息)的前面不用冠詞。如：

How did Man first discover fire? 人類最初是怎樣發(fā)現(xiàn)火的?

Man is a rational animal. 人是有理性的動物。

Man is fighting a battle against pollution. 人類正在同污染進行斗爭。

Word came that he could not come. 消息傳來說他不能來了。

又如動詞 turn(變成)，go(變成)后作表語的名詞前通常用不用冠詞。如：

He turned writer after he graduated from a medical college. 他從醫(yī)學(xué)院畢業(yè)后成了作家。(比較：He became a writer after graduating from college.)

(4)獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中

在表示伴隨或補充說明用用的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中，名詞前不用冠詞。如：

He sat back, glass in hand. 他手里拿著酒杯向后一靠。

He stood there, pipe in mouth. 他站在那里，嘴里銜著煙斗。

She stood in the doorway, hands on hips. 她雙手叉腰站在門口。

Sylvia, camera in hand, asked, “Where do we go first?” 西爾維婭手里拿著相機問道：“我們先去哪里？”

(5)“(a) kind [sort] of＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的“名詞”前

該結(jié)構(gòu)中的“名詞”不管是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，其前都通常用零冠詞。如：

Have you dreamt what kind of person you would be? 你曾夢想過自己要成為什么樣的人嗎？

This kind of fish lives in fresh water. 這種魚生活在淡水中。

Not every kind of bird can fly. 不是每一種鳥都能飛。

I only like this kind [sort] of flower (bread). 我只喜歡這種花(面包)。

(6)表抽象意義的單數(shù)名詞前

當(dāng)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞含義抽象化具有形容詞意味時，通常用零冠詞。如：

He was fool enough to spend all the money at once. 他真傻，把錢一下子全花了。

He was not man enough to face up to his responsibility. 他沒有足夠的勇氣去承擔(dān)責(zé)任。

I was fool enough to believe him. 我竟然相信他，真夠傻的。(=I was so foolish that I believed him. )

He was fool enough to tell them everything. 他真傻，把一切事情都告訴他們了。(=He was so foolish that he told them everything.)