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中學英語語法復習——形容詞和副詞學習要點 |
作者:HMYYYF 文章來源:本站原創 點擊數 更新時間:2016-09-27 文章錄入:admin 責任編輯:admin |
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七、比較級和最高級的常見修飾語 1. 比較級的修飾語有:表示“稍稍”、“一點”意義的a bit, a little, rather, some, any 等;表示“…得多”的 much, far, a great / good deal, a lot, a good bit 等;表示“更加”意義的 still, even, yet 等;表示確定程度的修飾語,如分數或有關長度、時間、重量等名詞詞組通常放在比較級前,也可由 by 引出而置于比較級之后。如: It is even colder than yesterday. 今天比昨天還冷。 He looks a bit happier now. 他現在顯得高興點兒了。 Do you feel any better today? 你今天感覺好點兒了嗎? He is two years younger than me. 他比我小兩歲。 He is a head taller than his younger sister. 他比他妹妹高一頭。 This bridge is 10 meters longer than that one. 這橋比那橋長10米。 This bridge is longer than that one by 10 meters. 這橋比那橋長10米。 注:在修飾或代替復數可數名詞的 more 前不可用 much,而要用 many;除 quite better 外,quite, very, so 等不可修飾比較級。 2. 最高級前可用 the very, the second, much the, (by) far the, not quite the, nearly, almost, by no means 等修飾。 He is far more careful than I am. 他比我仔細得多。 This is much the most important. 這是最重要的。 Hainan is This is quite far the most expensive bicycle in the shop. 這是這家商店里最最貴的自行車。 注:very不能修飾比較級,卻可修飾最高級,但它與一般的修飾最高級的副詞有所不同,即它要放在最高級前的定冠詞之后,而不是之前(另外,second, third, next等也要放在定冠詞之后)。 八、重要比較結構歸納 1. as…as。意為“與…一樣”,在否定句中,第一個 as 也可換成 so。如: He is as busy as before. 他還是像以前那樣忙。 He isn’t as [so] old as he looks. 他不是看上去那么老。 2. more and more。意為“越來越”。如: Your English is getting better and better. 你的英語越來越好了。 3. the more, the more。“越(是)…,越…”。如: The more money you make, the more you spend. 你掙的錢越多,花的錢也越多。 4. more than 與less than。前者表示“多于”、“不只是”、“非常”等,后者表示“少于”、“不足”、“不太”、“毫不”。如: We waited for more than three hours. 我們等了三個多小時。 She was more than kind to us. 她對我們很友好。 It cost less than £5. 它的價錢還不到5英鎊。 The boys were less than happy about having a party. 開晚會男孩子并不很高興。 5. more …than 與 less…than。用于本義,前者指“比…多(更)”,后者指“比…少”;用于引申義,兩者均可表示“與其…不如…”,但表達表式不同。如: He was more frightened than hurt. = He was less hurt than frightened. 他與其說受了傷,不如說受了驚。 He is more an expert than a teacher. = He is less a teacher than an expert. 與其說他是老師,不如說他是專家。 6. no+比較級+than。該結構主要用于對兩個待比較的對象進行否定,意為“與…一樣不”,相當于該原級形容詞或副詞的反義詞使用as…as結構的意思。如: He is no cleverer than her.=He is as foolish as her. 他與她一樣不聰明(即兩人一樣蠢)。 His English is no better than mine.=His English is as bad as mine. 他的英語同我的英語一樣不好(即兩人的英語一樣差)。 注:由此可推知以下結構的意思: (1) no more than的意思是“與…一樣不多”、“只有”。如: He has no more than two dictionaries. 他只有兩本詞典。 (2) no less than 的意思是“與…一樣不少”、“多達”。如: He made no less than£500. 他賺了多達五百英鎊的錢。 (3) no more…than的意思是“同…一樣不”(=neither ... nor)。如: He is no more a writer than a painter. 他不是畫家,也不是作家。 (4) no less…than 的意思是“和…一樣”。如: Your brother is no less wise than you. 你的兄弟跟你一樣聰明。 |
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