2018高考英語語法填空全國卷Ⅰ(有解析)

According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61.______(long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long 62. ______ (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63. ______ (die) early by running.

While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it 64. ______ (be) more effective at lengthening life 65. ______walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66. ______showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67. ______(cause).

The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise...it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68. ______ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), void hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always 69. ______ (energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70. ______a try.

【說明】本文為一篇說明文，說的是跑步對身體健康的影響及相關注意事項，全文共196詞，難度中等。

61.【答案與解析】longer。考查副詞的比較級的用法。根據其后than和句意可知，此處填比較級。

62.【答案與解析】to see。考查非謂語動詞的用法。此處用不定式形式表目的，句意為：你不必跑很快或很久就可看到它的好處。

63.【答案與解析】dying。考查非謂語動詞的用法。根據英語習慣，動詞在后介詞后面只有兩種可能，要么用動名詞，要么用名詞；但考慮到其后有副詞early作狀語,所以宜填動名詞形式dying。

64.【答案與解析】is。考查時態以及主謂一致。本文通篇均在敘述客觀事實,故使用一般現在時。It是單數（指代上前面的running regularly），故動詞用單數is。

65.【答案與解析】than。考查比較連詞的用法。根據其前的more effective可知此處指的是“跑步比步行、騎車或游泳更有用”，涉及兩者的比較，故填than。

66.【答案與解析】that/which。考查定語從句關系代詞的用法。根據句子結構可知，此處應填引導定語從句的關系代詞；由于關系代詞在定語從句中是用作主語，且它所修飾的先行詞是study，所以填that或which均可。

67.【答案與解析】causes。考查可數名詞的復數形式。句中的cause是名詞（=原因）。根據其前的修飾語all可知，其后的名詞應用復數形式，所以填causes。

68.【答案與解析】strengthen。考查非謂語動詞的用法。根據句意和句子結構可知，此處應用不定式作目的狀語，即填動詞strengthen，與其前的to構成不定式。

69.【答案與解析】energetic。考查詞形變換。根據句意和句子結構可知，此處所填之詞應前面的形容詞cheap、easy使用相同的詞性，故填形容詞energetic（在此作表語）。

70.【答案與解析】it/running。考查代詞或名詞的用法。填代詞it，指代前面提到的running，意思是“我們都應該嘗試著跑步”；當然直接填running也可以。