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攻克省略難題的五大方法 |
作者:周天教 文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2008-01-11 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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四、語(yǔ)法分析法 英語(yǔ)中有些省略是由特定的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象造成的,同學(xué)們?cè)谧鲱}時(shí)首先要確定句子的省略涉及什么語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象等,然后再根據(jù)相應(yīng)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)來(lái)分析作答。如: 1. “Who has eaten all the cake, Jim?” “Oh, _______ must your two pet dogs.” A. it B. they C. that D. which 分析:許多同學(xué)可能認(rèn)為此題應(yīng)選B,因?yàn)槠浜蟮?/SPAN>your two pet dogs為復(fù)數(shù)。但實(shí)際上,此題的最佳答案就是A,不僅涉及強(qiáng)調(diào)句型這一考點(diǎn),而且是其省略形式,此句若補(bǔ)充完整,即為:It must be your pet dogs that have eaten all the cake. 2. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better ______ it—you’ve got some big bills coming. A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forget 分析:此題最佳答案為A。考查had better后接動(dòng)詞原形的用法。但是考題中將you had better這一結(jié)構(gòu)省略成better,致使許多同學(xué)一時(shí)看不出來(lái)。又如: Better go with him. 最好同他一起去。 Better have the operation right now. 你最好還是現(xiàn)在就動(dòng)手術(shù)。 3. “Would you like to come for a walk with me?” “I’d prefer _____, thank you.” A. not to B. to not C. not D. can’t 分析:答案選A,I’d prefer not to 為 I’d prefer not to come for a walk 之省略。注意,在該省略結(jié)構(gòu)中,用以代表不定式的 to 不宜省去。請(qǐng)看類例: (1) “Shall I give the dog a chocolate?” “It’s better _____.” A. not to B. to not C. don’t D. can’t 答案選A,為It’s better not to give the dog a chocolate 之省略。注意,不定式的否定式要將not 置于不定式符號(hào)to 之前,而不是之后。 (2) I would mend your radio, but I don’t know _____. A. how B. to C. how to D. to how 答案選C,為 but I don’t know how to mend it 之省略。 五、邏輯推斷法 有的省略試題難度比較大,不僅涉及語(yǔ)法知識(shí)、生活常識(shí)等,而且還要求考生根據(jù)題干所提供的信息進(jìn)行邏輯推理。如: 1. She’s too thin. She _____ gain some weight but she _____ too little. A. would, ate B. will, eats C. would, eats D. will, ate 分析:此題有些難度,許多同學(xué)不知如何分析。我們先根據(jù)題目所提供的選項(xiàng)將句意大致勾出來(lái):她太瘦了。她會(huì)增加體重的,但她吃得太少了。根據(jù)句首 She’s too thin 這一所給信息可知,“她瘦”應(yīng)是客觀事實(shí)。按照一般的常識(shí),“吃得少”就會(huì)引致“瘦”,“吃得多”就會(huì)導(dǎo)致“胖”,由于根據(jù)句首的信息,“她瘦”是客觀事實(shí),所以她“吃得少”也應(yīng)是事實(shí),所以第二空應(yīng)填 eats(即用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示客觀事實(shí))。根據(jù)上面的分析:“她瘦”和“她吃得少”均為客觀事實(shí),那么“她體重會(huì)增加”就應(yīng)是假設(shè)(注意句中的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞 but),所以第一空應(yīng)填 would。其實(shí),此句可理解為but前省略了一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ) if she ate more (如果她多吃一點(diǎn)的話)。所以,此題最佳答案選C。 2. “Everyone says you are a good student. You never sleep in class, do you?” “_____.” A. Yes, never B. Yes, sometimes C. No, sometimes D. Oh, really 分析:答案選B,答句是對(duì)針對(duì) You never sleep in class, do you? 這一問(wèn)句來(lái)回答的,Yes, sometimes 為 Yes, I do. Sometimes I sleep in class 之省略,其意為“不,上課有時(shí)睡覺(jué)”。若選其余幾項(xiàng),均會(huì)導(dǎo)致邏輯不通。請(qǐng)看類例: “You’ve never been to the village, have you?” “_____. It is the most beautiful village I’ve ever seen.” A. No, never B. No, I have C. No, only once D. Yes, only once 分析:答案選D,Yes, only once 為 Yes, I have. But I’ve been there only once. 之省略,句意為“不,我去過(guò),但只去過(guò)一次”。注意句末的 It is the most beautiful village I’ve ever seen 表明“我”去過(guò)那兒,所以不能選A。 (編輯 陳根花) |
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