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攻克省略難題的五大方法 |
作者:周天教 文章來源:本站原創 點擊數 更新時間:2008-01-11 文章錄入:admin 責任編輯:admin |
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四、語法分析法 英語中有些省略是由特定的語法現象造成的,同學們在做題時首先要確定句子的省略涉及什么語法結構或語法現象等,然后再根據相應的語法知識來分析作答。如: 1. “Who has eaten all the cake, Jim?” “Oh, _______ must your two pet dogs.” A. it B. they C. that D. which 分析:許多同學可能認為此題應選B,因為其后的your two pet dogs為復數。但實際上,此題的最佳答案就是A,不僅涉及強調句型這一考點,而且是其省略形式,此句若補充完整,即為:It must be your pet dogs that have eaten all the cake. 2. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better ______ it—you’ve got some big bills coming. A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forget 分析:此題最佳答案為A。考查had better后接動詞原形的用法。但是考題中將you had better這一結構省略成better,致使許多同學一時看不出來。又如: Better go with him. 最好同他一起去。 Better have the operation right now. 你最好還是現在就動手術。 3. “Would you like to come for a walk with me?” “I’d prefer _____, thank you.” A. not to B. to not C. not D. can’t 分析:答案選A,I’d prefer not to 為 I’d prefer not to come for a walk 之省略。注意,在該省略結構中,用以代表不定式的 to 不宜省去。請看類例: (1) “Shall I give the dog a chocolate?” “It’s better _____.” A. not to B. to not C. don’t D. can’t 答案選A,為It’s better not to give the dog a chocolate 之省略。注意,不定式的否定式要將not 置于不定式符號to 之前,而不是之后。 (2) I would mend your radio, but I don’t know _____. A. how B. to C. how to D. to how 答案選C,為 but I don’t know how to mend it 之省略。 五、邏輯推斷法 有的省略試題難度比較大,不僅涉及語法知識、生活常識等,而且還要求考生根據題干所提供的信息進行邏輯推理。如: 1. She’s too thin. She _____ gain some weight but she _____ too little. A. would, ate B. will, eats C. would, eats D. will, ate 分析:此題有些難度,許多同學不知如何分析。我們先根據題目所提供的選項將句意大致勾出來:她太瘦了。她會增加體重的,但她吃得太少了。根據句首 She’s too thin 這一所給信息可知,“她瘦”應是客觀事實。按照一般的常識,“吃得少”就會引致“瘦”,“吃得多”就會導致“胖”,由于根據句首的信息,“她瘦”是客觀事實,所以她“吃得少”也應是事實,所以第二空應填 eats(即用一般現在時表示客觀事實)。根據上面的分析:“她瘦”和“她吃得少”均為客觀事實,那么“她體重會增加”就應是假設(注意句中的轉折連詞 but),所以第一空應填 would。其實,此句可理解為but前省略了一個條件狀語 if she ate more (如果她多吃一點的話)。所以,此題最佳答案選C。 2. “Everyone says you are a good student. You never sleep in class, do you?” “_____.” A. Yes, never B. Yes, sometimes C. No, sometimes D. Oh, really 分析:答案選B,答句是對針對 You never sleep in class, do you? 這一問句來回答的,Yes, sometimes 為 Yes, I do. Sometimes I sleep in class 之省略,其意為“不,上課有時睡覺”。若選其余幾項,均會導致邏輯不通。請看類例: “You’ve never been to the village, have you?” “_____. It is the most beautiful village I’ve ever seen.” A. No, never B. No, I have C. No, only once D. Yes, only once 分析:答案選D,Yes, only once 為 Yes, I have. But I’ve been there only once. 之省略,句意為“不,我去過,但只去過一次”。注意句末的 It is the most beautiful village I’ve ever seen 表明“我”去過那兒,所以不能選A。 (編輯 陳根花) |
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