3. 由as well as, as much as, rather than , more than, no less than 等連接的并連主語

謂語動(dòng)詞通常與前面一個(gè)主語保持一致：

The teacher as well as the students has read it 不僅學(xué)生讀過它，老師也讀過。

The teacher rather than the students is to blame. 應(yīng)受責(zé)備的是老師而不是學(xué)生。

五、數(shù)量概念作主語時(shí)的主語一致問題

1. 表時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度、錢數(shù)、速度等的詞組作主語

通常將其視為整體，謂語用單數(shù)：

Twenty years is a long time. 20年是很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。

Ten dollars is all I have left. 我只剩下10美元。

2. 分?jǐn)?shù)(百分?jǐn)?shù))作主語

“分?jǐn)?shù)(百分?jǐn)?shù))+of+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與其中名詞的數(shù)保持一致：

About 30 percent of the pupils were absent that day. 那天大約有30%的學(xué)生遲到。

Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea. 地球表面的四分之三是海。

注：在現(xiàn)代英語中，有時(shí)即使該結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞為復(fù)數(shù)，其謂語也可用單數(shù)(即將其視為整體)：

Over sixty per cent of families own [owns] a television. 百分之六十以上的家庭已擁有電視機(jī)。

3.“one in [out of]+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語

謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)：

Only one in ten students has passed the examination. 只有十分之一的學(xué)生通過了考試。

One out of twelve bottles was broken. 每12個(gè)瓶子中有一個(gè)破了。

注：在非正式文體中有時(shí)也用復(fù)數(shù)謂語：

Nationwide, one in five adults are illiterate. 就全國(guó)范圍而言，五個(gè)成年人中有一個(gè)是文盲。

5.“all of (some of, none of, half of, most of, lots of, plenty of)+名詞”作主語

謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與其中名詞的數(shù)保持一致：

Most of the people are against the plan. 大多數(shù)人反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃。

Most of the Earth’s surface is covered by water. 地球的大部分地區(qū)被水覆蓋。

Half of the apple is bad. 這個(gè)蘋果有一半是壞的。

Half of the apples are bad. 這些蘋果當(dāng)中有一半是壞的。

6.“one and a half＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”與“a＋單數(shù)名詞＋and a half”作主語

國(guó)內(nèi)不少書認(rèn)為，這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，謂語均用單數(shù)：

One and a half months has passed. / A month and a half has passed. 已經(jīng)過去了一個(gè)半月。

但是，國(guó)外一些詞書則認(rèn)為，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中名詞的數(shù)：

One and a half months have passed. / A month and a half has passed. 已經(jīng)過去了一個(gè)半月。

7.“the [a] number of+名詞”作主語

該結(jié)構(gòu)若用定冠詞，其后謂語用單數(shù)；若用不定冠詞，其后謂語用復(fù)數(shù)：

The number of students is 4000. 學(xué)生人數(shù)為4000。

A number of people were absent from the meeting. 許多人開會(huì)缺席。

注意類似結(jié)構(gòu)：

The variety of goods in this shop is rich. 這家商店的品種豐富。

A variety of books have been published. 已出版了各種各樣的書。

.

六、某些不定代詞作主語時(shí)的主謂一致問題

1. someone, anyone, no one 等作主語

Someone, anyone, no one, everyone, something, nothing等復(fù)合不定代詞作語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)：

Someone is asking to see you. 有人找你。

Nobody is to blame for it. 這誰也不怨。

No one wants to read such books. 沒有想看那樣的書。

上一頁  [1] [2] [3] [4]  下一頁