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重點(diǎn)中學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講義-主謂一致 |
作者:HMYY 文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2012-05-31 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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2. all 作主語(yǔ) 若指人,謂語(yǔ)通常用復(fù)數(shù);若指事物或現(xiàn)象,謂語(yǔ)通常用單數(shù): All have gone home. 大家都走了。 All that glitters is not gold. 發(fā)亮的不一定都是金子。 比較:All is silent. 萬(wàn)籟俱寂。(指現(xiàn)象) All are silent. 人人都沉默不語(yǔ)。(指具體的人) 注:若是“all of+名詞”作主語(yǔ),則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其中名詞的數(shù)保持一致。 3. either和neither作主語(yǔ) 若是單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù): Neither was satisfactory. 兩個(gè)都不令人滿意。 The two guests have arrived, and either is welcome. 兩位客人都到了,哪一位都受歡迎。 注:若是“either [neither] of+名詞”作主語(yǔ),則其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)(正式文體)或復(fù)數(shù)(非正式文體): Neither of the two computers is [are] cheap. 這兩臺(tái)電腦都不便宜。 Is [Are] either of the boys ready? 兩個(gè)男孩都準(zhǔn)備好了嗎? I don’t think either of them is [are] at home. 我想他們倆個(gè)都會(huì)不在家。 4. each作主語(yǔ)或修飾主語(yǔ) 單獨(dú)用作主語(yǔ)(或修飾主語(yǔ)),謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù) Each student has his own desk. 每個(gè)學(xué)生都有自己的課桌。 Two boys entered. Each was carrying a suitcase. 兩個(gè)男孩進(jìn)來(lái),每人提著一只箱子。 注:(1) 兩個(gè)或多個(gè)“each+單數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)并列作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。 (2) “each of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞”用作主語(yǔ), 謂語(yǔ)一般要用單數(shù) Each of them was deeply frightened. 他們個(gè)個(gè)都驚恐萬(wàn)分。 但是在非正式文體中(尤其是當(dāng) each of之后的名詞較長(zhǎng)時(shí))偶爾也可用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ),但很少見,學(xué)生宜慎用。 5. none (of) 作主語(yǔ) 若指不可數(shù)名詞,謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù);若指復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,謂語(yǔ)可用單數(shù)(正式文體)或復(fù)數(shù)(非正式文體): None of the money is mine. 這筆錢沒(méi)有一點(diǎn)是我的。 None of the boys like [likes] it. 這些男孩子誰(shuí)也不喜歡它。 6. 關(guān)于“one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語(yǔ)從句” 在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)取決于先行詞是one還是其后的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。 一般說(shuō)來(lái),在這類結(jié)構(gòu)中,復(fù)數(shù)名詞通常被認(rèn)為是先行詞(即定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)),除非one of前有the (only) 修飾(此時(shí)定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)): He is one of the people who were killed in the accident. 他是事故中喪命的人之一。 He is the only one of the people who was killed in the accident. 他是事故中唯一喪命的人。 七、其他問(wèn)題 1.“many a +名詞”和“more than one +名詞”作主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)通常用單數(shù)(即遵循語(yǔ)法一致的原則): Many a child was playing there. 很多小孩在那兒玩。 More than one student has failed the exam. 不止一個(gè)學(xué)生考試未及格。 2. each 用于復(fù)數(shù)名詞后作同位語(yǔ) 此時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)(www.hz123456.com): They each have an English-Chinese dictionary. 他們每人都有一本英漢詞典。 The young people each carry a big bag. 這些年輕人個(gè)個(gè)背著一個(gè)大袋子。 |
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