五、定語(yǔ)從句“口訣三”詳解　　

從句當(dāng)中作賓語(yǔ)，　　

whom可以代替who,　　

為了句子更簡(jiǎn)練，　　

關(guān)系代詞可省去。　　

該口訣的意思是，如果關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作了賓語(yǔ)，那么就可以省略。此時(shí)，指人的關(guān)系代詞whom可以代替who，當(dāng)然也都可以省略。具體地說(shuō)，who和whom二者都用于指人。語(yǔ)法規(guī)定，who在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，whom在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)。但在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，作定語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用who和whom都可以。例如：　　

The boy who made a speech just now is my best friend.剛才講話的那個(gè)男孩是我最好的朋友。（who在從句中作主語(yǔ)，不可省略）　　

I have many friends (who/whom) I can turn to for help when in trouble.我有很多在困難時(shí)刻可以求助的朋友。(who/whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略)　　

【注意】在從句中作介詞的賓語(yǔ)且介詞提到之前時(shí)，只能用whom,不能用who。如：I have many friends to whom I can turn for help when in trouble.我有很多在困難時(shí)刻可以求助的朋友。　　

The river which/that runs through the centre of the city brings us lots of pleasure.穿過(guò)市中心的那條河給我們帶來(lái)了很多歡樂(lè)。（which/that在從句中作主語(yǔ)，不可省略）　　

Do you remember the holiday (which/that) we spent together? 你記得我們一起度過(guò)的那個(gè)假期嗎？（which在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略）　　

The message (which/that) you are looking for is in today's China Daily.你找的信息就在今天的《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》上。（that, which在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略）　　

又如：　　

The fish (which/that) I cooked was very delicious. 我做的那條魚(yú)味道鮮美。　　

The girl (who/whom/that) you saw yesterday is my girlfriend. 你昨天見(jiàn)到的那個(gè)女孩是我的女朋友。　　

六、定語(yǔ)從句“口訣四”詳解　　

關(guān)系若是表所屬，　　

whose用法不可無(wú)。　　

除此之外還有啥？　　

whom, which加of。　　

該口訣的意思是，如果先行詞與后面的名詞是所屬關(guān)系，那么要用whose來(lái)引導(dǎo)。whose指人也指物，它表示先行詞與它所修飾的詞是所有關(guān)系，本身在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)。　　

I want to help the children, whose parents were injured or died in the earthquake. 我想幫助那些孩子們，他們的父母在地震中傷亡。　　

We must repair the desks and chairs whose legs are broken. 我們必須修理那些斷了腿的桌子和椅子。　　

除了用whose表所屬關(guān)系以外，在whom和which前加of也是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的辦法。上面兩句可以這樣表達(dá)：　　

I want to help the children, whose parents were injured or died in the earthquake.　　

=I want to help the children, of whom the parents were injured or died in the earthquake.　　

=I want to help the children, the parents of whom were injured or died in the earthquake.　　

We must repair the desks and chairs whose legs are broken.　　

=We must repair the desks and chairs of which the legs are broken.　　

=We must repair the desks and chairs the legs of which are broken.　　

此外，下面是我們常見(jiàn)的一些類似的表達(dá)：　　

I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea. 　　

I'd like a room the window of which looks out over the sea.　　

I'd like a room of which the window looks out over the sea.　　

We rushed over to help the driver whose car had broken down.　　

We rushed over to help the driver the car of whom had broken down.　　

We rushed over to help the driver of whom the car had broken down.　　

She has three daughters, one of whom is a doctor.　　

She has three daughters, all of whom are beautiful.　　

She has three daughters, the oldest of whom is called Mary.