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關(guān)閉窗口 用英語表示“由于”的若干方法
■本站特約作者 羅 芳
because of, due to, thanks to, owing to, as a result of, on account of等都可以用來表示原因，都表示“由于”的意思,但其用法卻各有不同。下面就其用法分述如下：
■because of
because of意為“因?yàn)椋捎?/FONT>”，普通用語，比其他短語更口語化,強(qiáng)調(diào)因果關(guān)系；構(gòu)成的短語在句子中通常作狀語，一般不作表語用；后面可接名詞、代詞、分詞或what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句等。如：
He is likely to miss the US Open because of his back injury. 他因?yàn)楸巢坑袀赡苋毕绹_賽。（置于句后作狀語）
Because of my bad leg ,I couldn’t walk so fast as the others. 由于我的腿壞了，我不能像其他人走得那么快。（置于句首作狀語，但用逗號與其他部分分開）
Because of his wife’s being there, I said nothing about it. 因?yàn)樗拮釉趫觯覍Υ耸轮蛔治刺帷?/FONT>(接-ing分詞短語)
He realized that she was crying because of what he had said. 他意識到她在哭是因?yàn)樗f的那些話。(接what從句)
■due to
due to表示“由于，因……造成”，強(qiáng)調(diào)造成后果的原因，在句中作表語、狀語和定語。作表語和狀語時與owing to同義。但規(guī)范英語僅將 due to 用于動詞be之后作表語。作狀語時，不用于句首，一般不與其他成分隔開。如：
This accident was due to（owing to）his careless driving．這次車禍?zhǔn)怯捎谒_車疏忽大意造成的。（作表語）
Accidents due to driving at high speed were very common that weekend. 在那個周末因高速駕駛造成的交通事故很多。（作定語）
He arrived late due to（owing to）the storm．由于暴風(fēng)雨他來晚了。（作狀語）
注意：due to除可表示原因外，還有“應(yīng)給于，應(yīng)屬于”的意思。
Our grateful thanks are due to you. 向你表示我們衷心的感謝。
Respect is due to older people. 年長者應(yīng)受到尊重。
■on account of
on account of 當(dāng)“因?yàn)?/FONT>”講，后面常接名詞。on account of與because of，owing to同義，但語氣較為正式。可作狀語、表語，不作定語。如：
He could not come on account of his illness．他因病不能前來。
We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather. 由于天氣不好，我們將起程時間推遲了。
That was on account of lack of exercise．那是由于缺乏鍛煉。
注意：
on my/your account 為了你/我的緣故
on this/that account 由于這個/那個緣故
On this account, we should be cautious. 因?yàn)檫@個緣故我們應(yīng)該謹(jǐn)慎。
He is angry on that account. 由于那個緣故他生氣了。
She left her hometown on his account. 她是為了他才離開家鄉(xiāng)的。
■owing to
owing to 與because of一樣引出介詞短語，也強(qiáng)調(diào)因果關(guān)系，在句中作狀語, 作狀語時, 習(xí)慣上用逗號和句子其他部分分開。
注意：作狀語時修飾整個句子，可在句首或句末，用逗號隔開。owing to 除作狀語外，也可作表語，但because of 不作表語。
They decided to cancel the flight，owing to the storm．由于這場暴風(fēng)雨，他們決定取消這個航班。（作狀語）
Owing to his careless driving, we had a bad accident. 由于他駕駛疏忽，我們發(fā)生了次嚴(yán)重車禍。（作狀語）
His death was owing to an accident．他死于一場事故。（作表語）
注意：owe vt. 欠(債等); 把……歸功于(to); 感激; 感恩。
I owe him ten dollars. 我欠他10美元。
He owes his success to his hard work. 他認(rèn)為自己取得成功是辛勤勞動的結(jié)果。
I owe you for your help. 我感謝你的幫助。
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