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could have done用法詳解 |
作者:JDG 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2015-03-18 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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could have done用法詳解 1. 表示主觀猜測(cè) 即對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生動(dòng)作或已經(jīng)存在的狀態(tài)作出主觀上的猜測(cè),通?勺g為“可能(已經(jīng))”,有時(shí)需根據(jù)具體語境來翻譯。如: Tom could have taken the money; he was here alone yesterday. 有可能是湯姆把錢拿走了,昨天他單獨(dú)一個(gè)人在這里呆過。 We knew he couldn’t have paid for it, because he had no money. 我們知道不可能是他付了這筆錢,因?yàn)樗麤]錢。 該用法也可將could換成can,但這只限于否定句和疑問句,因?yàn)?/FONT>can表推測(cè)時(shí)不用于肯定句(而could可以用于肯定句)。如: Can he have left already? 他會(huì)已經(jīng)離開了嗎? They can’t have gone out because the light’s on. 他們不可能出去了,因?yàn)闊暨亮著。 2. 表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的能力 即表示過去本來有能力可以做某事的,但實(shí)際上沒有那樣去做,通常譯為“本來可以”“本來能力”等。如: The worst of it is that I could have prevented the accident. 最糟糕的是我本來可以防止這次事故的。 I could have passed my examination easily but I made too many stupid mistakes. 我本可以輕易通過考試,但我犯了太多不該犯的錯(cuò)誤。 有時(shí)用于反語。如: You’ve broken my pen—thanks for nothing, I could have done that for myself. 你把我的筆給弄壞了——你得了吧,就那我自己也會(huì)弄。 3. 表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性 即表示過去本來可能發(fā)生情況,而實(shí)際上沒有發(fā)生,通常譯為“本來可以”“本來可能”等。如: She could have been seriously injured. 她本來可能傷得很重的。 (www.hz123456.com) It’s difficult enough, but it could have been worse. 這事情夠困難的了,本來可能會(huì)更糟呢。 有時(shí)也可根據(jù)語境譯為“好在沒有”“差點(diǎn)”,尤其是當(dāng)談?wù)摰氖?SPAN lang=EN-US>“不好”的情況時(shí)。如: She felt miserable. She could have cried. 她感到很痛苦,她差點(diǎn)哭了。 Why did you throw the bottle out of the window? Somebody could have been hurt. 你為什么把瓶子扔出窗外呢?好在沒有砸傷人。 4. 表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法 即表示過去本來有做某事的打算或意圖,但實(shí)際上沒有實(shí)現(xiàn),通常譯為“本來可以”。如: I could have lent you the money. Why didn’t you ask me? 我本來可以借這筆錢給你的。你為什么不向我提出? I could have given you some hints, but I suppose you thought yourself too grand. 我本可以給你點(diǎn)提示的,但是我認(rèn)為你太自負(fù)了。 5. 表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的選擇 即表示過去本來可以有機(jī)會(huì)選擇做某事,但實(shí)際上沒有那樣做,通常譯為“本來可以”。如: You needn’t have typed it twice. You could have used a carbon. 你沒必要打兩遍的,你當(dāng)時(shí)本可以用復(fù)寫紙打。 You needn’t have walked up; you could have taken the lift. 你沒必要走著上去,你本來可以乘電梯的。 |
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