6. 表示批評(píng)或責(zé)備

即表示過(guò)去本來(lái)有責(zé)任或義務(wù)應(yīng)該做某事的，但實(shí)際上卻沒(méi)有做成，含有批評(píng)和責(zé)備的意味，通常譯為“本來(lái)應(yīng)該”“本來(lái)可以”等。如：

You could have started a little earlier. 你本可早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身的。

You could have helped me—why did you just sit and watch? 你本來(lái)可以幫我一把嘛——為什么你只是坐在那兒觀望呢?

7. 表示可能達(dá)到的極限

表示即使人們盡力而為去做某事，但還是未能做成，通常用于否定句。如：

I couldn’t have won, so I didn’t go in for the race. 反正我也贏不了，所以我就沒(méi)有參加賽跑。

I couldn’t have enjoyed myself more—it was a perfect day. 我玩得沒(méi)法再痛快了——這一天簡(jiǎn)直痛快極了。

8. 表示驚訝

表示對(duì)所發(fā)生的情況感到驚奇，含有“竟然”的意味。如：

It seems inconceivable that the accident could have happened so quickly. 這一事故發(fā)生得這么快，簡(jiǎn)直不可思議。

Well, I’m blowed! I should never have thought you could have done it. 真想不到! 我從未想到居然辦得到。

9. 用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣

在虛擬條件句中，當(dāng)談?wù)撨^(guò)去的情況時(shí)，其句型通常是：主句用“could / would / should /might +have+過(guò)去分詞”，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：

If he had known the facts, he could have told us what to do. 如果他了解事實(shí)，他是可能告訴我們?cè)鯓幼龅摹?FONT face="Times New Roman"> (www.hz123456.com)

If anybody had asked me, I could have told them what happened. 如果有誰(shuí)問(wèn)過(guò)我，我可以告訴他們發(fā)生了什么情況。

10. 用于口語(yǔ)慣用表達(dá)

如用于I could have sworn…，表示“我可以發(fā)誓”“我千真萬(wàn)確”。如：

I could have sworn I’d paid that bill. 我可以發(fā)誓我付過(guò)賬。

I could have sworn I heard a knock at the door. 我千真萬(wàn)確聽(tīng)到了敲門(mén)聲。

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