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英語定語從句學習要點大匯總 |
作者:superen 文章來源:本站原創 點擊數 更新時間:2017-02-17 文章錄入:admin 責任編輯:admin |
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英語定語從句學習要點大匯總 1. 定語從句的概念和特點 定語從句在復合句中起定語作用,修飾主句中的名詞或代詞。被定語從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞。定語從句一般在先行詞之后。引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞。關系詞在先行詞與定語從句之間起紐帶作用。關系詞代表著先行詞并在定語從句中充當一個句子成分。如: A man who sells books in a shop is called a bookseller. 開店售書的人叫做書商。(who sells books為定語從句,修飾先行詞a man) The discussion was on the election which had taken place the day before. 討論的內容全是有關前一天選舉的事。(which had taken place the day before為定語從句,修飾先行詞the election) 2. 關系代詞和關系副詞的用法 根據關系詞在定語從句中的不同用法,可分為關系代詞和關系副詞。關系代詞主要有who, whom, which, that, whose等,在定語從句中作主語、賓語、定語等;關系副詞主要有when, where, why等,在定語從句中作狀語。具體用法如下: (1)關系代詞的用法:當先行詞指人時,若它在從句中作主語,則用who;若它在從句作賓語,則用whom或who;若它在從句中作定語,則用whose。如: The man who told me this refused to tell me his name. 告訴我這事的人不肯告訴我他的名字。 The woman whose umbrella you took is very angry about it. 你拿了那個女人的傘,她非常生氣。 當先行詞指物時,若在定語從句中作主語或賓語,則用which;若它在定語從句中作定語用,則用of which或whose。如: I saw something in the paper which might interest you. 我在報上看到一樣可能使你感興趣的東西。 He’s written a book the name of which (whose name) I’ve forgotten. 他寫了一本書,書名我給忘了。 (2) 關系副詞的用法:關系副詞主要有when, where, why等,在定語從句中作狀語,分別表示時間、在點和原因。when主要放在time, day, years, season, age, occasion等時間的名詞后;where主要放在place, city, town, village, house等地點名詞后;why則通常只放在reason后。如: Wednesday is the day when the shops are not open in the afternoon. 星期三下午商店不開門。 Give me one reason why we should help you. 給我舉出一個我們應當幫助你的理由。 要特別注意,activity, case, point, even, situation, job, organization, position等抽象名詞后接where引導定語從句的用法(這是近幾年高考的一個新熱點)。如: I don’t want a job where I’m chained to a desk all day. 我不想找一份整天坐辦公桌前的工作。 Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 今天,我們將討論一些英語初學者對英語使用不當的問題。 The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point where he can walk correctly and safely. 治療將會持續到病人可以正常且安全地行走。 If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation where you might lose it. 你如果拿重要的東西去冒險,那你就是將它置于一種可能會失去它的危險境地。 |
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