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中學(xué)英語高頻詞詳解詞典•正文 |
作者:admin 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2011-04-03 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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■advise v. 1. 表示“建議做某事”,其后習(xí)慣上接動(dòng)名詞作賓語,而不接不定式。如: 我建議等到適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候。 正:I advise waiting till the right time. 誤:I advise to wait till the right time. 但是,advise 之后不能直接跟不定式,但可接不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。如: He advised us to sell the house. 他建議我們把房子賣了。 The doctor advised me to stop smoking. 醫(yī)生建議我戒煙。 注意,advise 后接不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式不要與上面第一個(gè)句型混為一談。如: 主動(dòng)式:He advised us to sell the house. 被動(dòng)式:We were advised to sell the house. 比較錯(cuò)誤句型:We advised to sell the house.(誤) 2. 其后若接 that 從句作賓語,從句謂語通常要用虛擬語氣(should+v.)。如: The doctor advised that he (should) change his job. 醫(yī)生勸告他改換工作。 He advised that the meeting (should) be cancelled. 他建議會(huì)議應(yīng)予取消。 3. 比較以下同義句型: 請(qǐng)指點(diǎn)我選哪一個(gè)。 正:Please advise me which to choose. 正:Please advise me which I should choose. 我勸他不要一個(gè)人去。 正:I advised him not to go alone. 正:I advised him against going alone. ■affect v. 1. 表示“影響”時(shí),注意不要與意義相近的名詞effect相混淆。從意義上看,affect大致相當(dāng)于have an effect on。比較: The war seriously affected petrol prices. 這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)嚴(yán)重影響了汽油的價(jià)格。 The war had a serious effect on petrol prices. 這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)對(duì)汽油價(jià)格產(chǎn)生了嚴(yán)重的影響。 2. 表示“感動(dòng)”“感傷”,除用于主動(dòng)語態(tài)外,還經(jīng)常用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如: His death affected us deeply. 他的死使我們很感傷。 The sight affected her to tears. 此情此景使她感動(dòng)得流淚。 We were affected by her words. 我們?yōu)樗脑捤械健?/SPAN> 3. 注意affect與influence在用法上的區(qū)別: affect主要指一時(shí)的影響,著重影響的動(dòng)作,可指一般意義的影響(不分好壞),也可指不良影響。如: The news did not affect her at all. 這條消息對(duì)她沒有一點(diǎn)影響。 而influence 表示“影響”,主要指對(duì)行為、性格、觀點(diǎn)等產(chǎn)生間接的或潛移默化的影響。如: What you read influences your thinking. 你讀的東西對(duì)你的思想有影響。 It’s clear that her painting has been influenced by Picasso. 她的畫顯然受了畢加索的影響。 ■afford v. 1. 與 can, be able to 等連用,表示“擔(dān)負(fù)得起”某事或某物的費(fèi)用、損失、后果等,或表示“抽得出”時(shí)間等,后面通常可接名詞、代詞、不定式等(多用于否定句或疑問句)。如: I can’t afford (to buy) a new coat. 我沒錢買件新外衣。 He can’t afford the time for it. 他抽不出時(shí)間來做此事。 He says he really can’t afford to wait another day. 他說他確實(shí)一天也不能再等了。 2. 表示“提供”“給予”,其后可以接雙賓語(直接賓語通常為抽象概念),若雙賓語交換位置,要用介詞 to(此時(shí)無需連用 can, be able to等)。如: 他的來訪給我們帶來極大的快樂。 正:His visit affords us great pleasure. 正:His visit affords great pleasure to us. |
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