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中學英語高頻詞詳解詞典•正文 |
作者:admin 文章來源:本站原創 點擊數 更新時間:2011-04-03 文章錄入:admin 責任編輯:admin |
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■advise v. 1. 表示“建議做某事”,其后習慣上接動名詞作賓語,而不接不定式。如: 我建議等到適當的時候。 正:I advise waiting till the right time. 誤:I advise to wait till the right time. 但是,advise 之后不能直接跟不定式,但可接不定式的復合結構。如: He advised us to sell the house. 他建議我們把房子賣了。 The doctor advised me to stop smoking. 醫生建議我戒煙。 注意,advise 后接不定式復合結構時的被動語態形式不要與上面第一個句型混為一談。如: 主動式:He advised us to sell the house. 被動式:We were advised to sell the house. 比較錯誤句型:We advised to sell the house.(誤) 2. 其后若接 that 從句作賓語,從句謂語通常要用虛擬語氣(should+v.)。如: The doctor advised that he (should) change his job. 醫生勸告他改換工作。 He advised that the meeting (should) be cancelled. 他建議會議應予取消。 3. 比較以下同義句型: 請指點我選哪一個。 正:Please advise me which to choose. 正:Please advise me which I should choose. 我勸他不要一個人去。 正:I advised him not to go alone. 正:I advised him against going alone. ■affect v. 1. 表示“影響”時,注意不要與意義相近的名詞effect相混淆。從意義上看,affect大致相當于have an effect on。比較: The war seriously affected petrol prices. 這場戰爭嚴重影響了汽油的價格。 The war had a serious effect on petrol prices. 這場戰爭對汽油價格產生了嚴重的影響。 2. 表示“感動”“感傷”,除用于主動語態外,還經常用于被動語態。如: His death affected us deeply. 他的死使我們很感傷。 The sight affected her to tears. 此情此景使她感動得流淚。 We were affected by her words. 我們為她的話所感到。 3. 注意affect與influence在用法上的區別: affect主要指一時的影響,著重影響的動作,可指一般意義的影響(不分好壞),也可指不良影響。如: The news did not affect her at all. 這條消息對她沒有一點影響。 而influence 表示“影響”,主要指對行為、性格、觀點等產生間接的或潛移默化的影響。如: What you read influences your thinking. 你讀的東西對你的思想有影響。 It’s clear that her painting has been influenced by Picasso. 她的畫顯然受了畢加索的影響。 ■afford v. 1. 與 can, be able to 等連用,表示“擔負得起”某事或某物的費用、損失、后果等,或表示“抽得出”時間等,后面通常可接名詞、代詞、不定式等(多用于否定句或疑問句)。如: I can’t afford (to buy) a new coat. 我沒錢買件新外衣。 He can’t afford the time for it. 他抽不出時間來做此事。 He says he really can’t afford to wait another day. 他說他確實一天也不能再等了。 2. 表示“提供”“給予”,其后可以接雙賓語(直接賓語通常為抽象概念),若雙賓語交換位置,要用介詞 to(此時無需連用 can, be able to等)。如: 他的來訪給我們帶來極大的快樂。 正:His visit affords us great pleasure. 正:His visit affords great pleasure to us. |
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