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《that用法新探》(上) |
作者:李 翔 文章來源:本站原創 點擊數 更新時間:2013-04-04 文章錄入:李翔 責任編輯:admin |
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2.2.3中位限定詞that與前位限定詞搭配 That作為中位限定詞,可以與all和half 等前位限定詞搭配,后接單數可數名詞或不可數名詞。例如: There are four banks in all and that means extra accounts and what are you going to do with all that money? …, you've reached 40 and I've been reading you for more than half that time. 2.3限定詞that的所指 根據Roger Berry《限定詞及數量詞》P34-38和張軼前《通用英語代詞、替代詞教程》P72-76,限定詞that (復數those)和this (復數these)的意義差別通常以距離說話者或書寫者的遠近來描述。如果距離近,就用那this (復數these);如果距離遠,就用that (復數those)。但這種說法并不全面,在許多情況下,該用that 或this與具體的接近程度毫無關系。 “遠近”的概念可以分以下幾個方面: 2.3.1空間上的遠指和近指 限定詞that (復數those)通常用來指距離說話人較遠的人或物;this (復數these) 通常用來指距離說話人較近的人或物。在談話中,這種用法更重要。例如: No one had worked in this place for ages. 已經好多年沒有人在這個地方工作過了。 I think we’re going to have some nice plums on that tree. 我想那棵李子樹將位我們結些好李子。 This chair is more comfortable than that chair /that one. 這把椅子比那把椅子更舒服。 2.3.2時間上的遠指和近指 限定詞that (復數those)通常用來指較遠的過去的時間;this (復數these) 通常用來指較近的現在或將要到來的時間。例如: A friend of mine sent me some pi9ctures of The boy Robert entered college that autumn. 那年秋天羅伯特這孩子上了大學。 但這并不意味著 this 不能與過去時連用。例如: By this time she was married to her third husband. 這一次她與第三個丈夫結婚了。 此處使用this是因為盡管時間指過去,但這是書寫者現在的敘事點。試比較: I saw the Balleys frequently at that time. 那時我和貝利一家常常見面。
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