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《that用法新探》(中) |
作者:李 翔 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2013-04-22 文章錄入:李翔 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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此外還有: 1. 王福禎在《大學(xué)英語》1999年第10期“that不可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句嗎?”一文中也認(rèn)為that可以引導(dǎo)的非限制性關(guān)系從句。 2. Michael Swan在Practical English Usage (Third Edition 2005)p480指出: That is common as a relative clause in identifying clauses. In nonidentifying clauses, That is unusual. 3. 費(fèi)致德主編的《現(xiàn)代英語慣用法詞典》(商務(wù)印書館 1981年7月第1版)P863:He went home talking to himself and to the moon, that was very high and small. 4. 郭坤主編的《科技英語閱讀語法》(人民教育出版社 1981年9月第1版)P347:They are reports from the senses, mostly the ears and eyes, that keep the brain in touch with the world. 5. F. T. Wood 主編的 Current English Usage (1962年): The thunder storm, that had been hanging about all day, suddenly broke. 當(dāng)然,在有些情況下用that引導(dǎo)的非限制性關(guān)系從句是不妥的。例如當(dāng)先行項(xiàng)是整個(gè)上文分句時(shí),以用which穩(wěn)妥。例如: We were busy actors instead of passionate lookers-on, which makes a vast difference. (此句中的which不能改為that,但可以改為We were busy actors instead of passionate lookers-on. That makes a vast difference. That不是關(guān)系代詞,而是替代詞。) 4.2關(guān)系代詞that的句法功能 關(guān)系代詞that主要用于限定性定語從句中,充當(dāng)主語、賓語和表語(主語補(bǔ)足語)。先行項(xiàng)指人時(shí),可以用who 或whom替換;先行項(xiàng)指物時(shí),可以用which替換。 4.2.1 作主語 關(guān)系代詞that作主語時(shí),既可以指人,也可以指物,其謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)必須和先行詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。例如: Is he the man that sells eggs? Water that is impure often causes serious illness. It was the only cotton mill (that) there was then. (關(guān)系代詞that在非正式文體中可以省略) That’s a thing (that) might happen to any man. (關(guān)系代詞that可以省略) 4.2.2 作賓語 關(guān)系代詞that作賓語時(shí),既可以指人,也可以指物。指物時(shí),在非正式文體中可以省略。例如: Have you got everything you need? Is that the man that you gave your tickets to? James Russell is a man that I have the greatest respect for. (相當(dāng)于James Russell is a man who I have the greatest respect for.或James Russell is a man for whom I have the greatest respect.) 4.2.3 作表語 關(guān)系代詞that作表語時(shí),既可以指人,也可以指物,通常省略。例如: Dr.Fordham still talked like the man he was ten years ago. My tapewriter is not the machine it was. You were never the girl I thought you.
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