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《that用法新探》(中) |
作者:李 翔 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點擊數(shù) 更新時間:2013-04-22 文章錄入:李翔 責任編輯:admin |
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B. when和 where有時可以在分裂句中用來指時間或地點。 如果被強調(diào)的詞是地點副詞,除了用that外。還可以用where。如果被強調(diào)的詞是時間副詞或短語(不帶介詞) 除了用that外。還可以用when。如果被強調(diào)的部分是介詞短語,那就不能用when 或where,而要用that。例如: It was yesterday when we saw that film It was last week when we worked in the countryside. It is here where he must wait for her. 在口語中,這種強調(diào)句型中的that可以省略。例如: It was in Beijing (that) we met last. ② 在句中的作用不同 限制性定語從句是后置修飾語,對先行詞起修飾作用。而分裂句中的從句不起修飾作用,只起強調(diào)作用。 試比較: It was a boy that we met yesterday. (分裂句,強調(diào)a boy) This is the boy that we met yesterday. (定語從句) It is Mrs Brown’s daughter that teaches you English. (分裂句,強調(diào)Mrs Brown’s daughter) ③說明對象的不同 限制性定語從句只能以名詞或名詞短語作其先行詞;分裂句中強調(diào)的對象除名詞或名詞短語外,還可以是副詞、副詞性短語或從句。例如: It was yesterday that it looked like being a nice day. It was only by chance that we heard of his accident t. This is Mrs. Brown’s daughter that/who teaches you English. (定語從句) ④ that/who的省略 口語里,分裂句中作主語的that/who可以省略,但that/who作定語從句的主語不可以省略。 比較:It was George (who) did it. (分裂句) George was the man who did it. (定語從句) It is you (that) made fun of him. (分裂句) You are the man who made fun of him. (定語從句) 2. 潘歡懷教授在《現(xiàn)代英語實用句法》(北京師范大學出版社 1984年9月第1版) p554-557指出: 在分裂句中強調(diào)名詞性成分時,位于句末的是關(guān)系分句。 分裂句中的關(guān)系分句和定語從句是兩種性質(zhì)根本不同的分句。定語從句是一種后置的修飾語,它對先行詞起修飾作用。分裂句中的關(guān)系分句絕對沒有這種從屬作用,它只是把原來的句子引出來。
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